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Just a few days ago I posted an image of an autographed DVD sleeve of a documentary on the Tuskegee Airmen. I obtained the autographs during an event hosted by the Boeing Museum of Flight in Seattle, 20 years ago this month for Black History month.
From my perspective, the most important thing to remember when recounting their historic accomplishments is that they achieved all that they did prior to the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 which in turn resulted in President Kennedy issuing "Executive Order No. 10925" which instructed the federal government in regard to its contractors to "take affirmative action" to ensure that applicants are employed, and employees are treated [fairly] during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin".[19]
In 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson issued Executive Order 11246 which required government employers to "hire without regard to race, religion and national origin" and "take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed and that employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, color, religion, sex or national origin."[20]
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin. Neither executive order nor The Civil Rights Act authorized group preferences....
Affirmative action - Wikipedia
Farewell to a Hero: The Legacy of Lt. Col. Harry T. Stewart Jr.
Tanya Austin
From my perspective, the most important thing to remember when recounting their historic accomplishments is that they achieved all that they did prior to the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 which in turn resulted in President Kennedy issuing "Executive Order No. 10925" which instructed the federal government in regard to its contractors to "take affirmative action" to ensure that applicants are employed, and employees are treated [fairly] during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin".[19]
In 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson issued Executive Order 11246 which required government employers to "hire without regard to race, religion and national origin" and "take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed and that employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, color, religion, sex or national origin."[20]
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin. Neither executive order nor The Civil Rights Act authorized group preferences....
Affirmative action - Wikipedia
Farewell to a Hero: The Legacy of Lt. Col. Harry T. Stewart Jr.
By Tanya Austin February 4, 2025 4 Mins Read
On February 1, 2025, the world lost a true American hero. Lieutenant Colonel Harry T. Stewart Jr., one of the last surviving Tuskegee Airmen and a decorated World War II fighter pilot, passed away at 100 years of age. His remarkable journey from a young man who dreamed of flying, to a trailblazer who broke racial barriers, leaves a legacy of courage, perseverance, and inspiration.
Born on July 4, 1924, in Newport News, Virginia, Stewart’s life was marked by resilience and determination. Growing up in New York, he was fascinated by aviation and dreamed of becoming a pilot. However, as an African American in a segregated America, the path to the cockpit was far from easy.
That changed with the establishment of the Tuskegee Airmen program, an initiative to train Black pilots for the U.S. Army Air Corps. In 1943, at 19, Stewart enlisted and trained at Tuskegee Army Air Field in Alabama. By June 1944, he had earned his wings and was assigned to the legendary 332nd Fighter Group, also known as the Red Tails.
Defending the Skies in World War II
Flying P-51 Mustangs adorned with distinctive red tails, Stewart and his fellow airmen escorted bombers over Nazi-occupied Europe. Their mission was critical; protect the bombers from enemy fighters and prove that Black pilots were just as capable as their white counterparts.
Stewart flew 43 combat missions during World War II. One of his most extraordinary feats occurred on April 1, 1945, when he downed three German aircraft in a single mission; a rare achievement that earned him the Distinguished Flying Cross.
Despite their success, the Tuskegee Airmen faced racism both abroad and at home. However, their outstanding record in battle helped pave the way for the desegregation of the U.S. military in 1948, a landmark moment in American history.
Life After War
After the war, Stewart continued his military career but faced limited opportunities due to racial discrimination. He remained in the Air Force Reserve, eventually retiring as a lieutenant colonel.
Determined to continue soaring, Stewart earned a degree in mechanical engineering and embarked on a successful civilian career in aviation and engineering. Though he left the military, he never stopped advocating for the recognition of the Tuskegee Airmen and their contributions.
A Lasting Legacy
In his later years, Stewart co-authored the book , Soaring to Glory: A Tuskegee Airman’s Firsthand Account of World War II, detailing his experiences and the obstacles he overcame. He was inducted into the Michigan Military and Veterans Hall of Honor, received numerous accolades, and inspired generations of young aviators.
Even in his 90s and beyond, Stewart remained active in sharing his story, ensuring that the legacy of the Tuskegee Airmen would not be forgotten. In 2024, he celebrated his 100th birthday, a milestone that brought national recognition and tributes from across the country.
The legacy of the Tuskegee Airmen is a vital part of American history. Their sacrifices and triumphs laid the foundation for a more inclusive and diverse military. Their story is one of perseverance, excellence, and an unwavering commitment to duty.
We are grateful that the United States Air Force continues to honor the unmatched legacy of the Tuskegee Airmen in its training, ensuring that future generations of airmen understand the sacrifices and achievements of those who came before them.
We also extend our deepest appreciation to the men and women of the armed forces who have served and continue to serve, making incredible sacrifices to protect the United States of America.
As we bid farewell to this remarkable man, we celebrate his life and the doors he opened for future generations. His story reminds us that courage, determination, and belief in one’s dreams can overcome even the most formidable obstacles.
Fly high, Colonel Stewart. Your legacy will never fade.
Tanya Austin
For more than twelve years, Tanya Austin has worked in the aviation field as a first responder, brand ambassador, and customer service representative to travelers worldwide, as operations and safety manager, representing regional and global carriers such as Delta Airlines and United Express. Tanya has worked in charter, private, and commercial aviation. She has been passionate about her work with nonprofit groups such as Black Pilots of America and Tuskegee Airmen Inc., where she is a national board member and Eastern Region Representative. Tanya is an active member of Women in Aviation International, the Organization for Black Aerospace Professionals, Sisters of the Skies, and the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association. She contributes her spare time supporting those who need help in these and other organizations. Tanya is an aviation business owner and commercial pilot. She is a Certified Aviation Safety Manager. Tanya has over 25 years of sales, service, and management experience and has worked for both government and private sectors. Tanya attended Kaplan, where she completed studies in business and real estate. She also has an international mediator certification.
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