Listening to the media and judging by this forum, the biggest area of concern is hate toward blacks. Since time and resources available to fight bigotry is limited, are we allocating resources fairly?
[Please note: The attached link is from 2016. Things have gotten significantly worse since then.)
People don't hate blacks. They are tired of them. The endless demands, the clutch at victimhood. They are giving whites aversion therapy. People have had it with random acts of violence committed by blacks. They are done with blacks destroying stores and restaurants. They are just done. Calling them racists doesn't help.
Listening to the media and judging by this forum, the biggest area of concern is hate toward blacks. Since time and resources available to fight bigotry is limited, are we allocating resources fairly?
[Please note: The attached link is from 2016. Things have gotten significantly worse since then.)
In the history of the United States, there have not been any federal laws specifically enacted against Jewish people. However, anti-Semitism and discriminatory practices have existed at various points in American history, both socially and institutionally. Here are a few key points:
Social Discrimination and Anti-Semitism: Throughout American history, Jewish people have faced social discrimination and anti-Semitism. This included exclusion from certain social clubs, universities, and neighborhoods, particularly during the 19th and early 20th centuries.
Immigration Restrictions: While not targeting Jewish people specifically, immigration laws such as the Immigration Act of 1924 (Johnson-Reed Act) severely limited immigration from Eastern and Southern Europe, where many Jews were seeking refuge from persecution.
Quota Systems: Some universities and colleges implemented quota systems in the early 20th century to limit the number of Jewish students. This practice, while not enshrined in law, was a form of institutional discrimination.
Employment Discrimination: Jewish people often faced discrimination in hiring practices and were sometimes excluded from certain professions and industries.
While these instances reflect social and institutional biases, there has been no federal legislation specifically targeting Jewish people for discriminatory treatment. Over time, civil rights movements and legal reforms have worked to combat discrimination and promote equality for all religious and ethnic groups in the United States.
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The lawful discrimination against Black people in the United States was extensive, systemic, and codified into law through various legal frameworks such as the Black Codes, Jim Crow laws, and other racially discriminatory legislation. This contrasts significantly with the experience of Jewish people, who, while facing significant social and institutional discrimination, did not encounter the same level of legally mandated oppression.
Here are key examples and citations illustrating the legal discrimination against Black people:
Black Codes
After the Civil War, Southern states enacted Black Codes to restrict the freedom of Black people and ensure their availability as a labor force. These codes varied by state but generally included provisions such as:
Vagrancy Laws: Laws that criminalized unemployment and led to forced labor.
Apprenticeship Laws: Laws that allowed white employers to take Black children as unpaid apprentices.
Contract Enforcement: Laws that required Black people to sign yearly labor contracts; if they refused, they risked arrest, fines, or forced labor.
From the late 19th century until the mid-20th century, Jim Crow laws enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States. These laws mandated segregation in all public facilities and created a "separate but equal" status for Black Americans, which in practice was rarely, if ever, equal.
Examples include:
Segregation in Education: Laws requiring separate schools for Black and white children.
Public Accommodations: Laws mandating separate restrooms, drinking fountains, and waiting rooms.
Marriage Laws: Laws prohibiting interracial marriage.
Citation:
Woodward, C. Vann. The Strange Career of Jim Crow. Oxford University Press, 1955.
Voting Restrictions
Various laws and practices were used to disenfranchise Black voters, including:
Poll Taxes: Fees required to vote, which many Black people could not afford.
Literacy Tests: Tests designed to be impossible to pass, used to deny Black people the right to vote.
Grandfather Clauses: Laws allowing only those whose grandfathers had voted to bypass literacy tests and poll taxes, effectively excluding Black people.
Citation:
Keyssar, Alexander. The Right to Vote: The Contested History of Democracy in the United States. Basic Books, 2000.
Civil Rights Movement
The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s aimed to dismantle legal segregation and discrimination. Key legal victories included:
Brown v. Board of Education (1954): The Supreme Court decision that declared state laws establishing separate public schools for Black and white students to be unconstitutional.
Civil Rights Act of 1964: A landmark law that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
Voting Rights Act of 1965: A law designed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented Black Americans from exercising their right to vote.
Citation:
Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters: America in the King Years 1954-63. Simon & Schuster, 1988.
United States Congress. Civil Rights Act of 1964. Public Law 88-352, 78 Stat. 241.
United States Congress. Voting Rights Act of 1965. Public Law 89-110, 79 Stat. 437.
Conclusion
The contrast between the systemic, legally mandated discrimination faced by Black people and the social and institutional discrimination faced by Jewish people highlights the profound differences in their experiences. The legal framework of discrimination against Black people was deeply entrenched and pervasive, shaping virtually every aspect of life and requiring extensive civil rights struggles to dismantle.
While it's true that the laws have changed explain how the fact that there are still cases of people committing hate crimes against Black people in the United States as well as cases documented by various civil rights enforcement agencies such as the EEOC demonstrating that Black Americans are still being discriminated and treated as second class citizens in the year 2024
Despite the legal progress made through the Civil Rights Movement and subsequent legislation, discrimination and hate crimes against Black Americans continue to occur, reflecting ongoing societal and institutional challenges. Here are some key points and examples to illustrate this:
Hate Crimes
Hate crimes against Black Americans remain a significant issue. According to the FBI's annual hate crime statistics, Black Americans consistently make up a substantial portion of victims of racially motivated hate crimes.
FBI Hate Crime Statistics: The FBI's 2020 Hate Crime Statistics report showed that Black Americans were the most targeted racial group, with 56% of the 3,759 racially motivated incidents reported that year directed at them. Citation:
Federal Bureau of Investigation. "2020 Hate Crime Statistics." FBI Hate Crime Statistics
Employment Discrimination
The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) regularly reports cases of racial discrimination in the workplace. These cases include discriminatory hiring practices, unequal pay, and hostile work environments.
EEOC Statistics: In fiscal year 2021, the EEOC received 22,064 charges of race-based discrimination, with Black Americans frequently being the victims. Citation:
The Black Lives Matter movement and numerous reports have highlighted the issue of police violence and systemic racism within law enforcement.
Cases and Reports: The deaths of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, and many others have sparked nationwide protests and calls for police reform. Reports have shown that Black Americans are disproportionately affected by police violence. Citation:
Black Americans continue to face challenges in housing, including discrimination in renting, buying, and obtaining loans.
HUD Reports: The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) regularly investigates and reports on housing discrimination cases. Studies show that Black Americans often receive fewer options and higher interest rates compared to white applicants. Citation:
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. "Annual Report on Fair Housing." HUD Fair Housing Report
Educational Disparities
Disparities in education persist, with Black students often attending underfunded schools and facing disciplinary actions at higher rates than their white peers.
Civil Rights Data Collection: The U.S. Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights regularly collects data showing significant disparities in school funding, resources, and disciplinary actions affecting Black students. Citation:
U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights. "Civil Rights Data Collection." Civil Rights Data Collection
Health Disparities
Black Americans experience disparities in health outcomes, access to healthcare, and treatment quality.
CDC Reports: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that Black Americans have higher rates of chronic diseases, lower life expectancy, and face significant barriers to accessing quality healthcare. Citation:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Health Disparities." CDC Health Disparities
Conclusion
The persistence of hate crimes, employment discrimination, police violence, housing discrimination, educational disparities, and health disparities demonstrates that Black Americans continue to face significant challenges and discrimination in 2024. These ongoing issues highlight the need for continued vigilance and efforts to address systemic racism and ensure equal treatment for all citizens.
In the history of the United States, there have not been any federal laws specifically enacted against Jewish people. However, anti-Semitism and discriminatory practices have existed at various points in American history, both socially and institutionally.
That may be so but there are segments of communities where Jews are ovewhelmingly dominant. "No federal law specifially inacted" against non-Jews. Intentional racist construction?
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