Led Zeppelin were not stealing the riffs but merely sampling the riffs.
It works for Rappers, ARappers steal, I mean sample music as use it as their own.
"Sampling" means capturing a sound file -- not the composition, the original sound -- from somewhere else and using that element. That's not the story here and it wasn't really happening in the '60s anyway. This is taking somebody else's song, or parts of songs, that somebody else wrote and either copyrighted or arranged (or both) and then putting your own name on it as if you created it.
That matters because the composer gets a royalty every time your record sells, and take a moment to consider how many records LZ sold.
First off I do not think Spirit has a case against Led Zeppelin, close but no cookie as they say. I suppose by your definition Vanilla Ice did not steal/sample Bowie's Under Pressure?
"Under Pressure" is a great example I've been running in my head. That's a sample -- a sound file taken literally. Vanilla Boy constructed a different song around it but the bass riff is unmistakably identical.
I don't know what the copyright laws have settled on as a remedy as far as how much you can use before you have to pay for it and how much you have to pay. You can't call the Ice thing the same song as "Under Pressure" but you can't say the Bowie song wasn't mined either.
And I agree that "Stairway" and "Taurus" are two different works. They share a minor chord progression but lots of works use that. I'm sure Page took the idea of that progression from hearing Spirit play "Taurus", but he legitimately made a new song after that point, IMO. Nothing wrong with that.
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