Old Rocks
Diamond Member
Egad, Bipolar, are you sure that your post has enough BS in it?
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Egad, Bipolar, are you sure that your post has enough BS in it?
Real science is done in Laboratories, ManMade Global Warming studies isn't.
My, my;
Papers on laboratory measurements of CO2 absorption properties « AGW Observer
Papers on laboratory measurements of CO2 absorption properties
Posted by Ari Jokimäki on September 25, 2009
This is a list of papers on laboratory measurements of the absorption properties of carbon dioxide. In the context of these paperlists this is a difficult subject because only few of the papers are freely available online, so we have to settle on abstracts only (of course, interested reader can purchase the full texts for the papers from the linked abstract pages). However, I dont think that matters that much because the main point of this list really is to show that the basic research on the subject exists. The list is not complete, and will most likely be updated in the future in order to make it more thorough and more representative.
UPDATE (February 6, 2010): Miller & Watts (1984) added.
UPDATE (July 25, 2010): I modified the introduction paragraph a little to reflect the current content of the list. The old text was a little outdated.
UPDATE (June 22, 2010): Lecher & Pernter (1881) added.
UPDATE (March 31, 2010): Tubbs & Williams (1972), Rubens & Aschkinass (1898) and Ångström (1900) added.
UPDATE (March 6, 2010): Barker (1922) added.
UPDATE (November 19, 2009): Predoi-Cross et al. (2007) added.
UPDATE (September 25, 2009): Miller & Brown (2004) added, thanks to John Cook for bringing it to my attention (see the discussion section below).
Spectroscopic database of CO2 line parameters: 43007000 cm−1 Toth et al. (2008) A new spectroscopic database for carbon dioxide in the near infrared is presented to support remote sensing of the terrestrial planets (Mars, Venus and the Earth). The compilation contains over 28,500 transitions of 210 bands from 4300 to 7000 cm−1
Line shape parameters measurement and computations for self-broadened carbon dioxide transitions in the 30012 ← 00001 and 30013 ← 00001 bands, line mixing, and speed dependence Predoi-Cross et al. (2007) Transitions of pure carbon dioxide have been measured using a Fourier transform spectrometer in the 30012 ← 00001 and 30013 ← 00001 vibrational bands. The room temperature spectra, recorded at a resolution of 0.008 cm−1, were analyzed using the Voigt model and a Speed Dependent Voigt line shape model that includes a pressure dependent narrowing parameter. Intensities, self-induced pressure broadening, shifts, and weak line mixing coefficients are determined. The results obtained are consistent with other studies in addition to the theoretically calculated values. [Full text]
Spectroscopic challenges for high accuracy retrievals of atmospheric CO2 and the Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO) experiment Miller et al. (2005) The space-based Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO) mission will achieve global measurements needed to distinguish spatial and temporal gradients in the CO2 column. Scheduled by NASA to launch in 2008, the instrument will obtain averaged dry air mole fraction (XCO2) with a precision of 1 part per million (0.3%) in order to quantify the variation of CO2 sources and sinks and to improve future climate forecasts. Retrievals of XCO2 from ground-based measurements require even higher precisions to validate the satellite data and link them accurately and without bias to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) standard for atmospheric CO2 observations. These retrievals will require CO2 spectroscopic parameters with unprecedented accuracy. Here we present the experimental and data analysis methods implemented in laboratory studies in order to achieve this challenging goal.
Near infrared spectroscopy of carbon dioxide I. 16O12C16O line positions Miller & Brown (2004) High-resolution near-infrared (40009000 cm-1) spectra of carbon dioxide have been recorded using the McMathPierce Fourier transform spectrometer at the Kitt Peak National Solar Observatory. Some 2500 observed positions have been used to determine spectroscopic constants for 53 different vibrational states of the 16O12C16O isotopologue, including eight vibrational states for which laboratory spectra have not previously been reported. This work reduces CO2 near-infrared line position uncertainties by a factor of 10 or more compared to the 2000 HITRAN line list, which has not been modified since the comprehensive work of Rothman et al. [J. Quant. Spectrosc. Rad. Transfer 48 (1992) 537]. [Full text]
And many, many more at this resource.
Okay, Old Rocks...PolarBear!!! Your posts should be stickys in the Environmental Section!!
That's some impressive sounding mumbo-jumbo. When I was in engineering school, I knew students who would pepper their papers with similar terms that they didn't really understand. They still ended up getting a C-
Real science is done in Laboratories, ManMade Global Warming studies isn't.
My, my;
Papers on laboratory measurements of CO2 absorption properties « AGW Observer
Papers on laboratory measurements of CO2 absorption properties
Posted by Ari Jokimäki on September 25, 2009
This is a list of papers on laboratory measurements of the absorption properties of carbon dioxide. In the context of these paperlists this is a difficult subject because only few of the papers are freely available online, so we have to settle on abstracts only (of course, interested reader can purchase the full texts for the papers from the linked abstract pages). However, I don’t think that matters that much because the main point of this list really is to show that the basic research on the subject exists. The list is not complete, and will most likely be updated in the future in order to make it more thorough and more representative.
UPDATE (February 6, 2010): Miller & Watts (1984) added.
UPDATE (July 25, 2010): I modified the introduction paragraph a little to reflect the current content of the list. The old text was a little outdated.
UPDATE (June 22, 2010): Lecher & Pernter (1881) added.
UPDATE (March 31, 2010): Tubbs & Williams (1972), Rubens & Aschkinass (1898) and Ångström (1900) added.
UPDATE (March 6, 2010): Barker (1922) added.
UPDATE (November 19, 2009): Predoi-Cross et al. (2007) added.
UPDATE (September 25, 2009): Miller & Brown (2004) added, thanks to John Cook for bringing it to my attention (see the discussion section below).
Spectroscopic database of CO2 line parameters: 4300–7000 cm−1 – Toth et al. (2008) “A new spectroscopic database for carbon dioxide in the near infrared is presented to support remote sensing of the terrestrial planets (Mars, Venus and the Earth). The compilation contains over 28,500 transitions of 210 bands from 4300 to 7000 cm−1…”
Line shape parameters measurement and computations for self-broadened carbon dioxide transitions in the 30012 ← 00001 and 30013 ← 00001 bands, line mixing, and speed dependence – Predoi-Cross et al. (2007) “Transitions of pure carbon dioxide have been measured using a Fourier transform spectrometer in the 30012 ← 00001 and 30013 ← 00001 vibrational bands. The room temperature spectra, recorded at a resolution of 0.008 cm−1, were analyzed using the Voigt model and a Speed Dependent Voigt line shape model that includes a pressure dependent narrowing parameter. Intensities, self-induced pressure broadening, shifts, and weak line mixing coefficients are determined. The results obtained are consistent with other studies in addition to the theoretically calculated values.” [Full text]
Spectroscopic challenges for high accuracy retrievals of atmospheric CO2 and the Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO) experiment – Miller et al. (2005) “The space-based Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO) mission will achieve global measurements needed to distinguish spatial and temporal gradients in the CO2 column. Scheduled by NASA to launch in 2008, the instrument will obtain averaged dry air mole fraction (XCO2) with a precision of 1 part per million (0.3%) in order to quantify the variation of CO2 sources and sinks and to improve future climate forecasts. Retrievals of XCO2 from ground-based measurements require even higher precisions to validate the satellite data and link them accurately and without bias to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) standard for atmospheric CO2 observations. These retrievals will require CO2 spectroscopic parameters with unprecedented accuracy. Here we present the experimental and data analysis methods implemented in laboratory studies in order to achieve this challenging goal.”
Near infrared spectroscopy of carbon dioxide I. 16O12C16O line positions – Miller & Brown (2004) “High-resolution near-infrared (4000–9000 cm-1) spectra of carbon dioxide have been recorded using the McMath–Pierce Fourier transform spectrometer at the Kitt Peak National Solar Observatory. Some 2500 observed positions have been used to determine spectroscopic constants for 53 different vibrational states of the 16O12C16O isotopologue, including eight vibrational states for which laboratory spectra have not previously been reported. … This work reduces CO2 near-infrared line position uncertainties by a factor of 10 or more compared to the 2000 HITRAN line list, which has not been modified since the comprehensive work of Rothman et al. [J. Quant. Spectrosc. Rad. Transfer 48 (1992) 537].” [Full text]
And many, many more at this resource.
So officially it`s still just a theorem and not a proven Math law..Relation to proof
The notion of a theorem is deeply intertwined with the concept of proof. Indeed, theorems are true precisely in the sense that they possess proofs. Therefore, to establish a mathematical statement as a theorem, the existence of a line of reasoning from axioms in the system (and other, already established theorems) to the given statement must be demonstrated.
Although the proof is necessary to produce a theorem, it is not usually considered part of the theorem. And even though more than one proof may be known for a single theorem, only one proof is required to establish the theorem's validity. The Pythagorean theorem and the law of quadratic reciprocity are contenders for the title of theorem with the greatest number of distinct proofs.
That`s not how I teach that....I use what highly educated Liberals would call "RedNex" math...The Pythagorean theorem is named after the Greek mathematician Pythagoras, who by tradition is credited with its discovery and proof,[2][3] although it is often argued that knowledge of the theorem predates him. There is evidence that Babylonian mathematicians understood the formula, although there is little surviving evidence that they fitted it into a mathematical framework.[4][5]
The theorem is about both areas and lengths, or can be said to have both areal and metric interpretations.[6][7] Some proofs of the theorem are based on one interpretation, some upon the other, using both algebraic and geometric techniques.[8] The theorem can be generalized in various ways, including higher dimensional spaces, to spaces that are not Euclidean, to objects that are not right triangles, and indeed, to objects that are not triangles at all, but n-dimensional solids. The Pythagorean theorem has attracted interest outside mathematics as a symbol of mathematical abstruseness, mystique, or intellectual power; popular references in literature, plays, musicals, songs, stamps and cartoons abound.
Theorem
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In mathematics, a theorem is a statement that has been proven on the basis of previously established statements, such as other theorems, and previously accepted statements, such as axioms. The derivation of a theorem is often interpreted as a proof of the truth of the resulting expression, but different deductive systems can yield other interpretations, depending on the meanings of the derivation rules. Theorems have two components, called the hypotheses and the conclusions. The proof of a mathematical theorem is a logical argument demonstrating that the conclusions are a necessary consequence of the hypotheses, in the sense that if the hypotheses are true then the conclusions must also be true, without any further assumptions. The concept of a theorem is therefore fundamentally deductive, in contrast to the notion of a scientific theory, which is empirical.[2]
LOL. Well, Bender, answer what from BiPolar, the basketball scene from the cable guy?
And I am a millwright, not a scientist. So I answer by showing what the scientists that actually study this subject are observing and stating. As far as answering BiPolar, what in that spew of garbage should be answered?
Anybody that wants real answers on this subject should go to the real scientists that study the subject. Scientists from all over the world. And they are speaking with one voice. The ice is melting, and we are the primary cause because of the GHGs that we are putting into the atmosphere.
LOL. Well, Bender, answer what from BiPolar, the basketball scene from the cable guy?
And I am a millwright, not a scientist. So I answer by showing what the scientists that actually study this subject are observing and stating. As far as answering BiPolar, what in that spew of garbage should be answered?
Anybody that wants real answers on this subject should go to the real scientists that study the subject. Scientists from all over the world. And they are speaking with one voice. The ice is melting, and we are the primary cause because of the GHGs that we are putting into the atmosphere.
Clearly, that can only mean that the SUV is 20,000 years old
Obviously. It wouldn't be the stupidest thing I have heard warmists claim in an effort to support their theory. 20,000 year old SUVs is light fiction compared to the idea that the sun has nothing to do with climate.
Clearly, that can only mean that the SUV is 20,000 years old
Obviously. It wouldn't be the stupidest thing I have heard warmists claim in an effort to support their theory. 20,000 year old SUVs is light fiction compared to the idea that the sun has nothing to do with climate.
Except that no one has said that the sun has nothing to do with climate. If your position is so strong, why do you have to lie?![]()
Obviously. It wouldn't be the stupidest thing I have heard warmists claim in an effort to support their theory. 20,000 year old SUVs is light fiction compared to the idea that the sun has nothing to do with climate.
Except that no one has said that the sun has nothing to do with climate. If your position is so strong, why do you have to lie?![]()
konradv said---"If your position is so strong, why do you have to lie?"
exactly!!!!!! that is what skeptics and lukewarmers have been saying! why do the AGW alarmists lie and exaggerate if their evidence is so strong?!?
Except that no one has said that the sun has nothing to do with climate. If your position is so strong, why do you have to lie?![]()
konradv said---"If your position is so strong, why do you have to lie?"
exactly!!!!!! that is what skeptics and lukewarmers have been saying! why do the AGW alarmists lie and exaggerate if their evidence is so strong?!?
Answer my question first. That's a lie in itself. You ignore my post message in order to turn it around and push your own agenda. The lies all come from the the skeptic side, IMO. What you call lies are either failures to understand or deliberate attempts to cloud the issues AGW believers present. Look what we have on this board. Some now say CO2 isn't a greenhouse gas!!! That's ALSO a deliberate lie, but you choose to call mere differences in interpretation, lies. It just tells me that there's a whole lot of intellectual dishonesty on the skeptic/denier side that vastly overwhelms any mistakes by the other.
konradv said---"If your position is so strong, why do you have to lie?"
exactly!!!!!! that is what skeptics and lukewarmers have been saying! why do the AGW alarmists lie and exaggerate if their evidence is so strong?!?
Answer my question first. That's a lie in itself. You ignore my post message in order to turn it around and push your own agenda. The lies all come from the the skeptic side, IMO. What you call lies are either failures to understand or deliberate attempts to cloud the issues AGW believers present. Look what we have on this board. Some now say CO2 isn't a greenhouse gas!!! That's ALSO a deliberate lie, but you choose to call mere differences in interpretation, lies. It just tells me that there's a whole lot of intellectual dishonesty on the skeptic/denier side that vastly overwhelms any mistakes by the other.
Do you even know what "Parts per million" means?
Except that no one has said that the sun has nothing to do with climate. If your position is so strong, why do you have to lie?![]()
Maybe you should take some time to read the proclamations of your priests. They routinely pshaw any statement that suggests that 20th century warming is mainly influenced by the sun. They, at most, give the sun a very minor role in the climate.