Yuan Shikai, Chinese army leader and reformist minister in the twilight of the Qing dynasty (until 1911) and then first president of the Republic of China (1912–16). Yuan was from a landed military family of Xiangcheng in Henan province. In his youth he showed a propensity for pleasure-seeking and
Jahangir, Mughal emperor of India from 1605 to 1627. Jahangir continued the administrative system and tolerant policies of his father, Akbar, and thus proved to be a fairly successful ruler. Jahangir was an avid patron of the arts; during his reign, Mughal painting reached a high level of...