Bfgrn
Gold Member
- Apr 4, 2009
- 16,829
- 2,492
- 245
SS isn't insurance. It's a retirement system.
It is more than 'a retirement system' It is social insurance.
Social insurance is any government-sponsored program with the following four characteristics:
Social insurance has also been defined as a program where risks are transferred to and pooled by an organization, often governmental, that is legally required to provide certain benefits.[2]
- the benefits, eligibility requirements and other aspects of the program are defined by statute;
- explicit provision is made to account for the income and expenses (often through a trust fund);
- it is funded by taxes or premiums paid by (or on behalf of) participants (although additional sources of funding may be provided as well); and
- the program serves a defined population, and participation is either compulsory or the program is subsidized heavily enough that most eligible individuals choose to participate.[1]
In the U.S., programs that meet these definitions include Social Security, Medicare, the PBGC program, the railroad retirement program and state-sponsored unemployment insurance programs.[1] The Canada Pension Plan (CPP) is also a social insurance program.
That's all true. However, the economics of SS replicates that of a defined contribution pension plan, not insurance.
Insurance is where the insured pays an amount to transfer risk to the insurer in case of an adverse event. Life insurance, car insurance, home insurance, etc., are all examples of insurance that pays out when an adverse event occurs. (Technically, "insurance" is for an event that isn't certain, i.e a car accident or house fire. "Assurance" is for something that will happen, i.e. death. However, "insurance" is often interchanged for "assurance.")
A retirement system is when people save money to use in the future. In a defined contribution pension plan, people pool their savings to invest and draw down in the future. Their benefits are dependent upon the amount they pay into the plan and their benefits, i.e. how long they live, death benefits, etc.
Whatever one wishes to name SS, the economics of it most resembles that of a defined contribution pension plan. That's one reason why it should be like a defined contribution pension plan, as is done in a few other countries such as Canada.
But SSI also includes medical coverage (Medicare), disability coverage and unemployment.