The slow ethnic cleansing of Palestine.

[ima]

When it rains in Israel, all the different Jewish ethnicities get cleansed. But they probably need more soap.

 

[Coyote]

All people's are interrelated. But Palestinians are more than anything, Arabs just like their neighboring Arabs the Jordanians, Egyptians, Syrians, Saudi Arabians etc. in every way possible, DNA, Blood, culture, etc.

Not according to genetics and culturally - Jews and other Palestinians had the same Middle Eastern culture.

To say that the Arab Palestinian is tied to the land of Israel by DNA is akin to saying the entire Arab / Muslim world has rights to the land of Israel.

What I am saying is no one has the right to claim they have "more right" to a land because they once held it 3000 years ago. It's a weak argument. Israeli's have a right to the portion of Palestine called Israel solely and only because they were given it under the Mandate, fought for parts of it in several wars and that is it. Not because of some religious tie to a nation that ceased to exist several thousand years ago. To grant legitimacy to that claim would mean having to re-examine historical boundaries and claims to every nation on earth and the claims of people's who may have inhabited them at one point or another. It's lunacy.

 

[Maryland]

All people's are interrelated. But Palestinians are more than anything, Arabs just like their neighboring Arabs the Jordanians, Egyptians, Syrians, Saudi Arabians etc. in every way possible, DNA, Blood, culture, etc.

Not according to genetics and culturally - Jews and other Palestinians had the same Middle Eastern culture.

To say that the Arab Palestinian is tied to the land of Israel by DNA is akin to saying the entire Arab / Muslim world has rights to the land of Israel.

What I am saying is no one has the right to claim they have "more right" to a land because they once held it 3000 years ago. It's a weak argument. Israeli's have a right to the portion of Palestine called Israel solely and only because they were given it under the Mandate, fought for parts of it in several wars and that is it. Not because of some religious tie to a nation that ceased to exist several thousand years ago. To grant legitimacy to that claim would mean having to re-examine historical boundaries and claims to every nation on earth and the claims of people's who may have inhabited them at one point or another. It's lunacy.

You lost the debate, again.

Eugene V. Rostow - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Eugene Rostow, Legal Scholar, Former Dean of the Yale Law School, Under Secretary of State in the Johnson administration, US State Dept Legal Advisor, Drafter of UN Res. 242 pertaining to Israeli land in the West Bank...

The British Mandate recognized the right of the Jewish people to "close settlement" in the whole of the Mandated territory [Palestine]. The Jewish right of settlement in Palestine west of the Jordan river, that is, in Israel, the West Bank, Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip, was made unassailable. That right has never been terminated and cannot be terminated except by a recognized peace between Israel and its neighbors. And perhaps not even then, in view of Article 80 of the U.N. Charter, "the Palestine article," which provides that "nothing in the Charter shall be construed ... to alter in any manner the rights whatsoever of any states or any peoples or the terms of existing international instruments...."

The mandate implicitly denies Arab claims to national political rights in the area in favor of the Jews; the mandated territory was in effect reserved to the Jewish people for their self-determination and political development, in acknowledgment of the historic connection of the Jewish people to the land. Lord Curzon, who was then the British Foreign Minister, made this reading of the mandate explicit. There remains simply the theory that the Arab inhabitants of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip have an inherent 'natural law' claim to the area. Neither customary international law nor the United Nations Charter acknowledges that every group of people claiming to be a nation has the right to a state of its own."
Power and Policy in Quest of the Law : Essays in Honor of Eugene Victor Rostow: Eugene V. Rostow: 9789024729111: Amazon.com: Books

 

[Roudy]

Junk Archaeology

It's kind of a choice - what do you choose to believe?

Point is - which ever way you look at it - all of those people are interrelated and have been for centuries. Trying to use ancient ties as a means of determining rights is nuts.

You lost the debate.

Not hardly (I was speaking sarcastically) of "junk archaeology" when you blithely labeled genetics as "junk science".

Jewish and Middle Eastern non-Jewish populations share a common pool of Y-chromosome biallelic haplotypes

The Y Chromosome Pool of Jews as Part of the Genetic Landscape of the Middle East

From: Epiphenom: The shared genetic heritage of Jews and Palestinians (referencing the above two studies)

The good news is that the genetics of Arabs and Jews have been pretty extensively researched. The classic study dates to 2000, from a team lead by Michael Hammer of University of Arizona. They looked at Y-chromosome haplotypes - this is the genetic material passed from father to son down the generations.

What they revealed was that Arabs and Jews are essentially a single population, and that Palestinians are slap bang in the middle of the different Jewish populations (as shown in this figure).

Another team, lead by Almut Nebel at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, took a closer look in 2001. They found that Jewish lineages essentially bracket Muslim Kurds, but they were also very closely related to Palestinians. In fact, what their analysis suggested was that Palestinians were identical to Jews, but with a small mix of Arab genes - what you would expect if they were originally from the same stock, but that Palestinians had mixed a little with Arab immigrants. They conclude:

We propose that the Y chromosomes in Palestinian Arabs and Bedouin represent, to a large extent, early lineages derived from the Neolithic inhabitants of the area and additional lineages from more-recent population movements. The early lineages are part of the common chromosome pool shared with Jews (Nebel et al. 2000). According to our working model, the more-recent migrations were mostly from the Arabian Peninsula...

As I said there are many genes that tie humanity to eachother. In this case you have to find what is the distinct DNA that Arabs don't have, which is the Cohen Gene. That can only be found in Jews of all countries, and can be traced back to Moses, Aaron and the ancient Hebrews that roamed Israel:

The Cohen gene - Key to a prophetic priesthood? - Atlanta Conservative | Examiner.com

And bring thou near unto thee Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him, from among the children of Israel, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office, even Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron's sons

Ex 28:1 (ASV)

A few years ago, Dr. Karl Skorecki, a nephrologist and researcher at the University of Toronto and Israel’s Rambam-Technion Medical Center had an interesting thought. He speculated that the Kohanim, a family line that descends from Aaron, the brother of Moses, according to Jewish tradition, might be genetically distinct from other Jews and gentiles. Skorecki reasoned that if the Kohanim, the Cohens, were descended from one man, Aaron, as the Bible asserts then they would have common genetic markers. The Cohens are mentioned in the Bible as far back as 2nd Kings 17:27-28. In fact, the term “kohanim” or “cohanim” often seems used interchangeably with the word “priests” in Jewish sources.

Fathers pass Y-chromosomes to their sons. The Y-chromosome does accumulate mutations, but is otherwise the same as a man’s ancient male ancestors. These combinations of mutations are known as haplotypes.

The study showed that over 98% of Cohen Jews possessed a particular genetic marker (YAP). Non-Cohen Jews possessed the marker in significantly lower percentages. A second study confirmed the results and showed that over 91% of Cohens possess six chromosomal markers now known as the Cohen Modal Haplotype (CMH) (DNA chain of Tradition, Families and family trees, Cohen and Levi family worldwide). The CMH is common in both Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jews and indicates a common ancestor for both European and Mediterranean Jews. By counting the mutations in the Y-chromosome, researchers calculate that the Cohen line goes back approximately 106 generations or roughly 3,300 years. This is the approximate time of the Exodus from Egypt.

 

[Roudy]

All people's are interrelated. But Palestinians are more than anything, Arabs just like their neighboring Arabs the Jordanians, Egyptians, Syrians, Saudi Arabians etc. in every way possible, DNA, Blood, culture, etc.

Not according to genetics and culturally - Jews and other Palestinians had the same Middle Eastern culture.

To say that the Arab Palestinian is tied to the land of Israel by DNA is akin to saying the entire Arab / Muslim world has rights to the land of Israel.

What I am saying is no one has the right to claim they have "more right" to a land because they once held it 3000 years ago. It's a weak argument. Israeli's have a right to the portion of Palestine called Israel solely and only because they were given it under the Mandate, fought for parts of it in several wars and that is it. Not because of some religious tie to a nation that ceased to exist several thousand years ago. To grant legitimacy to that claim would mean having to re-examine historical boundaries and claims to every nation on earth and the claims of people's who may have inhabited them at one point or another. It's lunacy.

Arabs did get their Arab Palestine aka today's Jordan, but that wasn't enough.

 

[Coyote]

All people's are interrelated. But Palestinians are more than anything, Arabs just like their neighboring Arabs the Jordanians, Egyptians, Syrians, Saudi Arabians etc. in every way possible, DNA, Blood, culture, etc.

Not according to genetics and culturally - Jews and other Palestinians had the same Middle Eastern culture.



What I am saying is no one has the right to claim they have "more right" to a land because they once held it 3000 years ago. It's a weak argument. Israeli's have a right to the portion of Palestine called Israel solely and only because they were given it under the Mandate, fought for parts of it in several wars and that is it. Not because of some religious tie to a nation that ceased to exist several thousand years ago. To grant legitimacy to that claim would mean having to re-examine historical boundaries and claims to every nation on earth and the claims of people's who may have inhabited them at one point or another. It's lunacy.

You lost the debate, again.

Eugene V. Rostow - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Eugene Rostow, Legal Scholar, Former Dean of the Yale Law School, Under Secretary of State in the Johnson administration, US State Dept Legal Advisor, Drafter of UN Res. 242 pertaining to Israeli land in the West Bank...

The British Mandate recognized the right of the Jewish people to "close settlement" in the whole of the Mandated territory [Palestine]. The Jewish right of settlement in Palestine west of the Jordan river, that is, in Israel, the West Bank, Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip, was made unassailable. That right has never been terminated and cannot be terminated except by a recognized peace between Israel and its neighbors. And perhaps not even then, in view of Article 80 of the U.N. Charter, "the Palestine article," which provides that "nothing in the Charter shall be construed ... to alter in any manner the rights whatsoever of any states or any peoples or the terms of existing international instruments...."

The mandate implicitly denies Arab claims to national political rights in the area in favor of the Jews; the mandated territory was in effect reserved to the Jewish people for their self-determination and political development, in acknowledgment of the historic connection of the Jewish people to the land. Lord Curzon, who was then the British Foreign Minister, made this reading of the mandate explicit. There remains simply the theory that the Arab inhabitants of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip have an inherent 'natural law' claim to the area. Neither customary international law nor the United Nations Charter acknowledges that every group of people claiming to be a nation has the right to a state of its own."
Power and Policy in Quest of the Law : Essays in Honor of Eugene Victor Rostow: Eugene V. Rostow: 9789024729111: Amazon.com: Books

umh....no - it's exactly what I said: ... because they were given it under the Mandate

 

[Maryland]

Not according to genetics and culturally - Jews and other Palestinians had the same Middle Eastern culture.



What I am saying is no one has the right to claim they have "more right" to a land because they once held it 3000 years ago. It's a weak argument. Israeli's have a right to the portion of Palestine called Israel solely and only because they were given it under the Mandate, fought for parts of it in several wars and that is it. Not because of some religious tie to a nation that ceased to exist several thousand years ago. To grant legitimacy to that claim would mean having to re-examine historical boundaries and claims to every nation on earth and the claims of people's who may have inhabited them at one point or another. It's lunacy.

You lost the debate, again.

Eugene V. Rostow - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Eugene Rostow, Legal Scholar, Former Dean of the Yale Law School, Under Secretary of State in the Johnson administration, US State Dept Legal Advisor, Drafter of UN Res. 242 pertaining to Israeli land in the West Bank...

The British Mandate recognized the right of the Jewish people to "close settlement" in the whole of the Mandated territory [Palestine]. The Jewish right of settlement in Palestine west of the Jordan river, that is, in Israel, the West Bank, Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip, was made unassailable. That right has never been terminated and cannot be terminated except by a recognized peace between Israel and its neighbors. And perhaps not even then, in view of Article 80 of the U.N. Charter, "the Palestine article," which provides that "nothing in the Charter shall be construed ... to alter in any manner the rights whatsoever of any states or any peoples or the terms of existing international instruments...."

The mandate implicitly denies Arab claims to national political rights in the area in favor of the Jews; the mandated territory was in effect reserved to the Jewish people for their self-determination and political development, in acknowledgment of the historic connection of the Jewish people to the land. Lord Curzon, who was then the British Foreign Minister, made this reading of the mandate explicit. There remains simply the theory that the Arab inhabitants of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip have an inherent 'natural law' claim to the area. Neither customary international law nor the United Nations Charter acknowledges that every group of people claiming to be a nation has the right to a state of its own."
Power and Policy in Quest of the Law : Essays in Honor of Eugene Victor Rostow: Eugene V. Rostow: 9789024729111: Amazon.com: Books

umh....no - it's exactly what I said: ... because they were given it under the Mandate

It's called international law. The same law that created Arab states Syria, Iraq, Lebanon and Jordan.

Not enough Arab states for ya? Too many Israels?

 

[Coyote]

All people's are interrelated. But Palestinians are more than anything, Arabs just like their neighboring Arabs the Jordanians, Egyptians, Syrians, Saudi Arabians etc. in every way possible, DNA, Blood, culture, etc.

Not according to genetics and culturally - Jews and other Palestinians had the same Middle Eastern culture.

To say that the Arab Palestinian is tied to the land of Israel by DNA is akin to saying the entire Arab / Muslim world has rights to the land of Israel.

What I am saying is no one has the right to claim they have "more right" to a land because they once held it 3000 years ago. It's a weak argument. Israeli's have a right to the portion of Palestine called Israel solely and only because they were given it under the Mandate, fought for parts of it in several wars and that is it. Not because of some religious tie to a nation that ceased to exist several thousand years ago. To grant legitimacy to that claim would mean having to re-examine historical boundaries and claims to every nation on earth and the claims of people's who may have inhabited them at one point or another. It's lunacy.

Arabs did get their Arab Palestine aka today's Jordan, but that wasn't enough.

And, another part of the mandate....

Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the declaration originally made on November 2nd, 1917, by the Government of His Britannic Majesty, and adopted by the said Powers, in favor of the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, it being clearly understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country;

 

[Coyote]

You lost the debate, again.

Eugene V. Rostow - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Eugene Rostow, Legal Scholar, Former Dean of the Yale Law School, Under Secretary of State in the Johnson administration, US State Dept Legal Advisor, Drafter of UN Res. 242 pertaining to Israeli land in the West Bank...

umh....no - it's exactly what I said: ... because they were given it under the Mandate

It's called international law. The same law that created Arab states Syria, Iraq, Lebanon and Jordan.

Not enough Arab states for ya? Too many Israels?

How many European states do we have? They're all the same right?

Edited to add: the same international law is going to have to decide on a homeland for the Palestinians. Telling them they have to go to Jordan is no better than telling Israeli immigrants from Europe they should return to Europe. What you have now is a very large group of people, indiginous to a land they've lived in for centuries and they too have rights. Demonizing them doesn't remove those rights. What's happening right now in that region is complex. Israel is here to stay - it's not going to go away. The Palestinians are here to stay. They aren't going to conveniently disappear. Somehow a just and humane solution must be found that addresses Israel's need for security and addressesthe Palestinians need for a homeland or, if not that - then the same civil and legal rights as enjoyed by Israel's Jewish citizens.

 

[Maryland]

Not according to genetics and culturally - Jews and other Palestinians had the same Middle Eastern culture.



What I am saying is no one has the right to claim they have "more right" to a land because they once held it 3000 years ago. It's a weak argument. Israeli's have a right to the portion of Palestine called Israel solely and only because they were given it under the Mandate, fought for parts of it in several wars and that is it. Not because of some religious tie to a nation that ceased to exist several thousand years ago. To grant legitimacy to that claim would mean having to re-examine historical boundaries and claims to every nation on earth and the claims of people's who may have inhabited them at one point or another. It's lunacy.

Arabs did get their Arab Palestine aka today's Jordan, but that wasn't enough.

And, another part of the mandate....

Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the declaration originally made on November 2nd, 1917, by the Government of His Britannic Majesty, and adopted by the said Powers, in favor of the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, it being clearly understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country;

Israeli Arabs have the same rights as all other Israeli citizens. Thus, Israel is in full compliance with the League of Nations guidelines.

 

[ima]

You lost the debate, again.

Eugene V. Rostow - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Eugene Rostow, Legal Scholar, Former Dean of the Yale Law School, Under Secretary of State in the Johnson administration, US State Dept Legal Advisor, Drafter of UN Res. 242 pertaining to Israeli land in the West Bank...

umh....no - it's exactly what I said: ... because they were given it under the Mandate

It's called international law. The same law that created Arab states Syria, Iraq, Lebanon and Jordan.

Not enough Arab states for ya? Too many Israels?

One small problem: if Israel doesn't make peace before the arabs get nukes, you get zapped big time. Don't say i didn't warn ya.

 

[Coyote]

umh....no - it's exactly what I said: ... because they were given it under the Mandate

It's called international law. The same law that created Arab states Syria, Iraq, Lebanon and Jordan.

Not enough Arab states for ya? Too many Israels?

One small problem: if Israel doesn't make peace before the arabs get nukes, you get zapped big time. Don't say i didn't warn ya.

No one wants to start a nuclear war. If the Arab states get nukes, it won't likely make a difference.

What will make a difference is if terrorists get nukes or unstable states get nukes and neither Israel nor the stable Arab states want to see that at all.

 

[Coyote]

Arabs did get their Arab Palestine aka today's Jordan, but that wasn't enough.

And, another part of the mandate....

Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the declaration originally made on November 2nd, 1917, by the Government of His Britannic Majesty, and adopted by the said Powers, in favor of the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, it being clearly understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country;

Israeli Arabs have the same rights as all other Israeli citizens. Thus, Israel is in full compliance with the League of Nations guidelines.

That's a nice myth, but doesn't occur in practice.

 

[Roudy]

Not according to genetics and culturally - Jews and other Palestinians had the same Middle Eastern culture.



What I am saying is no one has the right to claim they have "more right" to a land because they once held it 3000 years ago. It's a weak argument. Israeli's have a right to the portion of Palestine called Israel solely and only because they were given it under the Mandate, fought for parts of it in several wars and that is it. Not because of some religious tie to a nation that ceased to exist several thousand years ago. To grant legitimacy to that claim would mean having to re-examine historical boundaries and claims to every nation on earth and the claims of people's who may have inhabited them at one point or another. It's lunacy.

Arabs did get their Arab Palestine aka today's Jordan, but that wasn't enough.

And, another part of the mandate....

Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the declaration originally made on November 2nd, 1917, by the Government of His Britannic Majesty, and adopted by the said Powers, in favor of the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, it being clearly understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country;

You realize that a quarter of Israel's population are Arab Muslims, which have the same exact rights as other Israelis. So Jews have fulfilled their share of the mandate by far. Meanwhile the Arab Muslims expelled, killed, and stole from Jewish communities that had lived among them for thousands of years. In other words the real ethnic cleansing occurred on the Muslim side.

 

[High_Gravity]

umh....no - it's exactly what I said: ... because they were given it under the Mandate

It's called international law. The same law that created Arab states Syria, Iraq, Lebanon and Jordan.

Not enough Arab states for ya? Too many Israels?

One small problem: if Israel doesn't make peace before the arabs get nukes, you get zapped big time. Don't say i didn't warn ya.

Enough with your bullshit posts for the day, you are dismissed asshole.

 

[Roudy]

And, another part of the mandate....

Israeli Arabs have the same rights as all other Israeli citizens. Thus, Israel is in full compliance with the League of Nations guidelines.

That's a nice myth, but doesn't occur in practice.

It's not a myth.

 

[Maryland]

And, another part of the mandate....

Israeli Arabs have the same rights as all other Israeli citizens. Thus, Israel is in full compliance with the League of Nations guidelines.

That's a nice myth, but doesn't occur in practice.

Reality Check...

The UN ranks Israel among the 17 best countries to live in (out of 170 countries) in the world and with the highest qualities of life and human development, emphasizing political and cultural freedom and equality in education, healthcare, life expectancy and income, ahead of the United Kingdom, Spain, Greece, Italy, Finland, Belgium, Denmark, Luxembourg and Austria

Indices & Data | Human Development Reports (HDR) | United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

Human Development is a development paradigm that is about much more than the rise or fall of national incomes. It is about creating an environment in which people can develop their full potential and lead productive, creative lives in accord with their needs and interests. People are the real wealth of nations. Development is thus about expanding the choices people have to lead lives that they value. And it is thus about much more than economic growth, which is only a means —if a very important one —of enlarging people’s choices.

Fundamental to enlarging these choices is building human capabilities —the range of things that people can do or be in life. The most basic capabilities for human development are to lead long and healthy lives, to be knowledgeable, to have access to the resources needed for a decent standard of living and to be able to participate in the life of the community. Without these, many choices are simply not available, and many opportunities in life remain inaccessible.

 

[Roudy]

That's a nice myth, but doesn't occur in practice.

It's not a myth.

it must be comforting to walk around with arabs who want to slit your throat.

Not really, the Arabs in Israel wouldn't want to live anywhere else. When you consider they enjoy the highest standard of living among all Arabs, and govt paid healthcare and other services, you understand why that is.

 

[Coyote]

You lost the debate.

Not hardly (I was speaking sarcastically) of "junk archaeology" when you blithely labeled genetics as "junk science".

Jewish and Middle Eastern non-Jewish populations share a common pool of Y-chromosome biallelic haplotypes

The Y Chromosome Pool of Jews as Part of the Genetic Landscape of the Middle East

From: Epiphenom: The shared genetic heritage of Jews and Palestinians (referencing the above two studies)

The good news is that the genetics of Arabs and Jews have been pretty extensively researched. The classic study dates to 2000, from a team lead by Michael Hammer of University of Arizona. They looked at Y-chromosome haplotypes - this is the genetic material passed from father to son down the generations.

What they revealed was that Arabs and Jews are essentially a single population, and that Palestinians are slap bang in the middle of the different Jewish populations (as shown in this figure).

Another team, lead by Almut Nebel at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, took a closer look in 2001. They found that Jewish lineages essentially bracket Muslim Kurds, but they were also very closely related to Palestinians. In fact, what their analysis suggested was that Palestinians were identical to Jews, but with a small mix of Arab genes - what you would expect if they were originally from the same stock, but that Palestinians had mixed a little with Arab immigrants. They conclude:

We propose that the Y chromosomes in Palestinian Arabs and Bedouin represent, to a large extent, early lineages derived from the Neolithic inhabitants of the area and additional lineages from more-recent population movements. The early lineages are part of the common chromosome pool shared with Jews (Nebel et al. 2000). According to our working model, the more-recent migrations were mostly from the Arabian Peninsula...

As I said there are many genes that tie humanity to eachother. In this case you have to find what is the distinct DNA that Arabs don't have, which is the Cohen Gene. That can only be found in Jews of all countries, and can be traced back to Moses, Aaron and the ancient Hebrews that roamed Israel:

The Cohen gene - Key to a prophetic priesthood? - Atlanta Conservative | Examiner.com

And bring thou near unto thee Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him, from among the children of Israel, that he may minister unto me in the priest's office, even Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron's sons

Ex 28:1 (ASV)

A few years ago, Dr. Karl Skorecki, a nephrologist and researcher at the University of Toronto and Israel’s Rambam-Technion Medical Center had an interesting thought. He speculated that the Kohanim, a family line that descends from Aaron, the brother of Moses, according to Jewish tradition, might be genetically distinct from other Jews and gentiles. Skorecki reasoned that if the Kohanim, the Cohens, were descended from one man, Aaron, as the Bible asserts then they would have common genetic markers. The Cohens are mentioned in the Bible as far back as 2nd Kings 17:27-28. In fact, the term “kohanim” or “cohanim” often seems used interchangeably with the word “priests” in Jewish sources.

Fathers pass Y-chromosomes to their sons. The Y-chromosome does accumulate mutations, but is otherwise the same as a man’s ancient male ancestors. These combinations of mutations are known as haplotypes.

The study showed that over 98% of Cohen Jews possessed a particular genetic marker (YAP). Non-Cohen Jews possessed the marker in significantly lower percentages. A second study confirmed the results and showed that over 91% of Cohens possess six chromosomal markers now known as the Cohen Modal Haplotype (CMH) (DNA chain of Tradition, Families and family trees, Cohen and Levi family worldwide). The CMH is common in both Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jews and indicates a common ancestor for both European and Mediterranean Jews. By counting the mutations in the Y-chromosome, researchers calculate that the Cohen line goes back approximately 106 generations or roughly 3,300 years. This is the approximate time of the Exodus from Egypt.

Another look at the Cohen gene:

Y-chromosomal Aaron is the name given to the hypothesised most recent common ancestor of many of the patrilineal Jewish priestly caste known as Kohanim (singular "Kohen", "Cohen", or Kohane). In the Torah, this ancestor is identified as Aaron, the brother of Moses. The hypothetical most recent common ancestor was therefore jocularly dubbed "Y-chromosomal Aaron", in analogy to Y-chromosomal Adam.

The original scientific research was based on the discovery that a majority of present-day Jewish Kohanim either share, or are only one step removed from, a pattern of values for 6 Y-STR markers, which researchers named the Cohen Modal Haplotype (CMH). However it subsequently became clear that this six marker pattern was widespread in many communities where men had Y chromosomes which fell into Haplogroup J; the six-marker CMH was not specific just to Cohens, nor even just to Jews, but was a survival from the origins of Haplogroup J, about 30,000 years ago.[citation needed]

More recent research, using a larger number of Y-STR markers to gain higher resolution more specific genetic signatures, has indicated that about half of contemporary Jewish Kohanim, who share Y-chromosomal haplogroup J1c3 (also called J-P58), do indeed appear to be very closely related. A further approximately 15% of Kohanim fall into a second distinct group, sharing a different but similarly tightly related ancestry. This second group fall under haplogroup J2a (J-M410). A number of other smaller lineage groups are also observed. Only one of these haplogroups could indicate ancestry from Y-chromosomal Aaron.

The J1e and J2a possible Cohen clusters, when including those tested who are of Sephardi background, have been estimated as descending from most recent common ancestors living 3,200 ± 1,100 and 4,200 ± 1,300 years ago respectively. Ashkenazis only have been estimated by the same article as descending from most recent common ancestors living 2,400 ± 800 and 3,800 ± 1,200 years ago respectively.[1]

and

Does a CMH prove Cohen ancestry?

One source of early confusion was a widespread popular notion that only Cohens or only Jews could have the Cohen Modal Haplotype. It is now clear that this is not the case. The Cohen Modal Haplotype (CMH), whilst notably frequent amongst Cohens, is also far from unusual in the general populations of haplogroups J1 and J2 with no particular link to the Cohen ancestry. These haplogroups occur widely throughout the Middle East and beyond.[10][11] Thus, while many Cohens have haplotypes close to the CMH, a greater number of such haplotypes worldwide belong to people with no likely[clarification needed] Cohen connection at all.

 

[Coyote]

Israeli Arabs have the same rights as all other Israeli citizens. Thus, Israel is in full compliance with the League of Nations guidelines.

That's a nice myth, but doesn't occur in practice.

Reality Check...

The UN ranks Israel among the 17 best countries to live in (out of 170 countries) in the world and with the highest qualities of life and human development, emphasizing political and cultural freedom and equality in education, healthcare, life expectancy and income, ahead of the United Kingdom, Spain, Greece, Italy, Finland, Belgium, Denmark, Luxembourg and Austria

Indices & Data | Human Development Reports (HDR) | United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

Human Development is a development paradigm that is about much more than the rise or fall of national incomes. It is about creating an environment in which people can develop their full potential and lead productive, creative lives in accord with their needs and interests. People are the real wealth of nations. Development is thus about expanding the choices people have to lead lives that they value. And it is thus about much more than economic growth, which is only a means —if a very important one —of enlarging people’s choices.

Fundamental to enlarging these choices is building human capabilities —the range of things that people can do or be in life. The most basic capabilities for human development are to lead long and healthy lives, to be knowledgeable, to have access to the resources needed for a decent standard of living and to be able to participate in the life of the community. Without these, many choices are simply not available, and many opportunities in life remain inaccessible.

Reality Check: Did you check to see if those standards are equitable across Israel? For example, do the bulk of the Israeli Arabs enjoy the same standards as the bulk of Israeli Jews? I think you will find they do not. It's a bit like looking at the US as enjoying a high standard of living but, if you look at the ratings for Native Americans on reservations - they rank at horrible levels.

I only have 5 more minutes online so I'll expand on this later with links to sources.