- Feb 12, 2007
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The multipliers and turns predicted by Keynes failed to manifest. WTF are you talking about? WWII could be seen as the largest scale example of Keynesian theory ever practiced and it created decades worth of expansion.
Your economic and historical illiteracy is showing.
FDR was worried, for good reason, that the country would fall back into a recession or depression after the war time spending bulge was done, and was planning more government spending and taxes to continue his big government putsch.
When he died, Truman proposed increased spending, but the Democrat Controlled Congress refused, and CUT TAXES instead. It was yeas of austerity and pent up demand, combined with a great deal of available labor and decreased tax burdens which led to prosperity. The last important aspect is that There Was No Global Competition. The rest of the developed world was largely in ruins. The U.S. productive capacity was basically the only game in town.
Uh huh. And these 'tax cuts' resulted in a top income tax bracket of 91%? What were they before?
Try reading something besides the HuffPo.
What about World War II? We need to understand that the near-full employment during the conflict was temporary. Ten million to 12 million soldiers overseas and another 10 million to 15 million people making tanks, bullets and war materiel do not a lasting recovery make. The country essentially traded temporary jobs for a skyrocketing national debt. Many of those jobs had little or no value after the war.
No one knew this more than FDR himself. His key advisers were frantic at the possibility of the Great Depression's return when the war ended and the soldiers came home. The president believed a New Deal revival was the answerand on Oct. 28, 1944, about six months before his death, he spelled out his vision for a postwar America. It included government-subsidized housing, federal involvement in health care, more TVA projects, and the "right to a useful and remunerative job" provided by the federal government if necessary.
Roosevelt died before the war ended and before he could implement his New Deal revival. His successor, Harry Truman, in a 16,000 word message on Sept. 6, 1945, urged Congress to enact FDR's ideas as the best way to achieve full employment after the war.
Congressboth chambers with Democratic majoritiesresponded by just saying "no." No to the whole New Deal revival: no federal program for health care, no full-employment act, only limited federal housing, and no increase in minimum wage or Social Security benefits.
Instead, Congress reduced taxes. Income tax rates were cut across the board. FDR's top marginal rate, 94% on all income over $200,000, was cut to 86.45%. The lowest rate was cut to 19% from 23%, and with a change in the amount of income exempt from taxation an estimated 12 million Americans were eliminated from the tax rolls entirely.
Corporate tax rates were trimmed and FDR's "excess profits" tax was repealed, which meant that top marginal corporate tax rates effectively went to 38% from 90% after 1945.
Georgia Sen. Walter George, chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, defended the Revenue Act of 1945 with arguments that today we would call "supply-side economics." If the tax bill "has the effect which it is hoped it will have," George said, "it will so stimulate the expansion of business as to bring in a greater total revenue."
He was prophetic. By the late 1940s, a revived economy was generating more annual federal revenue than the U.S. had received during the war years, when tax rates were higher. Price controls from the war were also eliminated by the end of 1946. The U.S. began running budget surpluses.
Congress substituted the tonic of freedom for FDR's New Deal revival and the American economy recovered well. Unemployment, which had been in double digits throughout the 1930s, was only 3.9% in 1946 and, except for a couple of short recessions, remained in that range for the next decade.
Burt Folsom: Did FDR End the Depression? - WSJ.com
And if you want to know the history of income tax rates, look them up yourself. I'm not your internet library assistant.