Ocean rise and ice melt accelerating....

[Old Rocks]

Climate-change–driven accelerated sea-level rise detected in the altimeter era

Observations show sea levels rising, and climate change is accelerating it - CNN

More accurate methods show us these things are happening faster than we thought. Now expected to pass 2 feet rise by 2100.

Wait, not until 2100. No problem, I will be dead and most likely so will my kids, and since I have no grandkids yet....well I don’t care. Drill baby drill!

Well, I am certainly glad that the founders of this nation did not have your selfish attitude, what a lack of morals or ethics.

 

[TroglocratsRdumb]

Science has determined that the Oceans have been rising since the end of the last ice age.
Science has determined that Earth goes through natural warming and cooling cycles.

 

[westwall]

Climate-change–driven accelerated sea-level rise detected in the altimeter era

Observations show sea levels rising, and climate change is accelerating it - CNN

More accurate methods show us these things are happening faster than we thought. Now expected to pass 2 feet rise by 2100.

Amazingly enough, when you look at their methods they all have one thing in common. They are all eventually modified by computer models. Huh. Imagine that. Take real data, massage it through the magic of computer modelling, and voila, you have the result you desire. But....it ain't data. It's computer derived fiction.


Methods
Altimeter Data Processing.
The altimeter data were processed following the recommendations set forth in ref. 15, including the latest orbits, tide models, sea-state bias models, water vapor corrections, etc. Following ref. 15, the “cal mode” correction to the TOPEX data was not applied, because the correction degraded comparisons to tide-gauge sea-level measurements, and because later investigation showed it should not have been applied in the first place. Not applying the cal-mode correction slightly increases the estimated sea-level acceleration. Measured GMSL was corrected for the effects of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment with a global model, which increased the GMSL rate by 0.25 mm/y (25).

Pinatubo GMSL Contribution.
The computation of the effects of the eruption of Mount Pinatubo on GMSL using the NCAR LE of models (21) is described in ref. 12. Because this model ends in 2010, we assumed an exponential decay from 2010 to the present. This correction increases the quadratic acceleration estimate by 0.02 mm/y2. The error in this correction was estimated from the variance of the NCAR LE at 0.01 mm/y2.

Computation of the ENSO GMSL Contribution.
We removed the effects of ENSO and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)-related variations on GMSL by computing a correction. This correction was computed via a joint cyclostationary empirical orthogonal function (CSEOF) analysis of altimeter GMSL, GRACE land water storage, and Argo-based thermosteric sea level from 2005 to present. The physical interpretation of these two modes is discussed in ref. 26, although here the understanding of the modal decomposition is extended through the inclusion of additional variables. The two leading CSEOF modes were subsequently projected onto the altimeter data from 1993 to present and averaged over the global ocean to arrive at what we refer to as a GMSL ENSO correction. Applying this correction reduced the quadratic acceleration value by 0.033 mm/y2. Based on the ENSO and PDO variability during the altimeter record, a positive acceleration is expected due both to the presences of two large El Niños at either end of the record and the recent shift from the positive to negative phase of the PDO. To allow for the possibility that this correction might have not removed all of the ENSO signal and also based on sensitivity tests of the decomposition, we carry an error estimate of 0.01 mm/y2 for this correction.

Calculation of Acceleration.
We perform a least-squares fit of a quadratic using a time epoch of 2005.0 (the midpoint of the altimeter time series), where acceleration is twice the quadratic coefficient. All of the data were weighted equally––weighting the data based on error estimates from tide-gauge differences did not appreciably change the results.

Tide-Gauge–Based Altimeter Acceleration Error Estimate.
The altimeter sea-level measurements were differenced with individual tide-gauge sea-level measurements, and then stacked and globally averaged to detect changes in the altimeter instrument behavior, assuming the tide-gauge measurements are perfect, following ref. 13. While there are overlaps between each of the four satellites in the time series, allowing instrumental biases to be determined and removed, there was no overlap in early 1999 when the TOPEX altimeter was switched from Side A to Side B of its electronics. As a consequence we estimated a bias here of 5.7 mm by leveling the TOPEX Side A tide-gauge differences to an average of the Jason-1–3 differences. This is a slightly different value than was found in ref. 15 (5 mm) because our analysis technique was different. Once this adjustment was made, an AR1 noise model was used to estimate the 1σ error in the quadratic acceleration coefficient of 0.011 mm/y2. This is almost certainly a conservative error estimate because it assumes the tide-gauge sea-level measurements are perfect.

Acceleration Validation.
We computed a rough validation (Table 2) of the altimeter-based acceleration estimate by comparing to other datasets, although they cover different time periods. We used the GRACE mascon data from ref. 27 and computed time series by averaging the mascons over (i) Greenland, (ii) Antarctica, and (iii) mountain glaciers and small ice caps (areas updated from ref. 28).

Constraining the thermosteric contribution to sea-level acceleration is hampered by the large discrepancies and related uncertainties that exist in ocean heat content datasets (20, 29). The root cause of these discrepancies has been attributed to errors in the raw data and mapping methods used to infill data gaps, which are particularly large in the southern oceans, but substantial progress has been made recently in dealing with these issues (30, 31). Given the systematic biases imparted by both data errors and infilling methods, a simple averaging across available datasets is not an effective means of minimizing bias (32). Rather, the optimization of mapping methods is likely to offer a suitable best estimate for quantifying both thermosteric contributions to acceleration and their uncertainty. Here we use the estimate provided from ref. 23. Comparison with independent data, such as the top of atmosphere (TOA) radiative balance also provides insight (32). We find the TOA reconstruction of ref. 33 to be broadly consistent with the value of acceleration derived from ref. 23.

I see. So this is also modified by computer programs? LOL

That's the conclusion of a team of University of Miami scientists that used a wealth of data from everything from tidal records and rain gauges to insurance claims to look at how often Miami Beach's streets have ended up underwater. They found that since 2006, rain-based floods have increased by 33 percent and tidal flooding by an astounding 400 percent.

"That's a surprising number," says Dr. Shimon Wdowinski, the study's lead author. "Nobody can say whether it will continue increasing at this rate. But this is still clearly a significant increase in flooding events."

Miami Beach's Tidal Flooding Has Jumped by 400 Percent in the Past Decade

Yes, Miami is flooding more often because, just like the Mississippi delta, the dams all along the coast have interrupted the sand flow that used to replenish the beaches. Yet again an age old problem compounded by idiot developers building homes in places where they would have never thought about doing it before because of money.

 

[Old Rocks]

Science has determined that the Oceans have been rising since the end of the last ice age.
Science has determined that Earth goes through natural warming and cooling cycles.

Science has determined that you are an idiot. The earth has two long term features that determine the temperature. The TSI it gets, and the amount of GHGs in the atmosphere. While the Milankovic Cycles can vary the amount of TSI slightly, it is the GHGs that are most variable, and have created the most extinctions, both by cold and heat. The TSI is declining slightly at present, and we are in the downward part of the Milankovic Cycles. Yet we are now experiencing rapid warming. And we have increased the CO2 from 280 ppm to over 400 ppm, and the CH4 from 700 ppb to 1850 ppb. Of course we are warming, there is no other explanation for the warming except the GHGs we have put into the atmosphere.

 

[Old Rocks]

Climate-change–driven accelerated sea-level rise detected in the altimeter era

Observations show sea levels rising, and climate change is accelerating it - CNN

More accurate methods show us these things are happening faster than we thought. Now expected to pass 2 feet rise by 2100.

Amazingly enough, when you look at their methods they all have one thing in common. They are all eventually modified by computer models. Huh. Imagine that. Take real data, massage it through the magic of computer modelling, and voila, you have the result you desire. But....it ain't data. It's computer derived fiction.


Methods
Altimeter Data Processing.
The altimeter data were processed following the recommendations set forth in ref. 15, including the latest orbits, tide models, sea-state bias models, water vapor corrections, etc. Following ref. 15, the “cal mode” correction to the TOPEX data was not applied, because the correction degraded comparisons to tide-gauge sea-level measurements, and because later investigation showed it should not have been applied in the first place. Not applying the cal-mode correction slightly increases the estimated sea-level acceleration. Measured GMSL was corrected for the effects of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment with a global model, which increased the GMSL rate by 0.25 mm/y (25).

Pinatubo GMSL Contribution.
The computation of the effects of the eruption of Mount Pinatubo on GMSL using the NCAR LE of models (21) is described in ref. 12. Because this model ends in 2010, we assumed an exponential decay from 2010 to the present. This correction increases the quadratic acceleration estimate by 0.02 mm/y2. The error in this correction was estimated from the variance of the NCAR LE at 0.01 mm/y2.

Computation of the ENSO GMSL Contribution.
We removed the effects of ENSO and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)-related variations on GMSL by computing a correction. This correction was computed via a joint cyclostationary empirical orthogonal function (CSEOF) analysis of altimeter GMSL, GRACE land water storage, and Argo-based thermosteric sea level from 2005 to present. The physical interpretation of these two modes is discussed in ref. 26, although here the understanding of the modal decomposition is extended through the inclusion of additional variables. The two leading CSEOF modes were subsequently projected onto the altimeter data from 1993 to present and averaged over the global ocean to arrive at what we refer to as a GMSL ENSO correction. Applying this correction reduced the quadratic acceleration value by 0.033 mm/y2. Based on the ENSO and PDO variability during the altimeter record, a positive acceleration is expected due both to the presences of two large El Niños at either end of the record and the recent shift from the positive to negative phase of the PDO. To allow for the possibility that this correction might have not removed all of the ENSO signal and also based on sensitivity tests of the decomposition, we carry an error estimate of 0.01 mm/y2 for this correction.

Calculation of Acceleration.
We perform a least-squares fit of a quadratic using a time epoch of 2005.0 (the midpoint of the altimeter time series), where acceleration is twice the quadratic coefficient. All of the data were weighted equally––weighting the data based on error estimates from tide-gauge differences did not appreciably change the results.

Tide-Gauge–Based Altimeter Acceleration Error Estimate.
The altimeter sea-level measurements were differenced with individual tide-gauge sea-level measurements, and then stacked and globally averaged to detect changes in the altimeter instrument behavior, assuming the tide-gauge measurements are perfect, following ref. 13. While there are overlaps between each of the four satellites in the time series, allowing instrumental biases to be determined and removed, there was no overlap in early 1999 when the TOPEX altimeter was switched from Side A to Side B of its electronics. As a consequence we estimated a bias here of 5.7 mm by leveling the TOPEX Side A tide-gauge differences to an average of the Jason-1–3 differences. This is a slightly different value than was found in ref. 15 (5 mm) because our analysis technique was different. Once this adjustment was made, an AR1 noise model was used to estimate the 1σ error in the quadratic acceleration coefficient of 0.011 mm/y2. This is almost certainly a conservative error estimate because it assumes the tide-gauge sea-level measurements are perfect.

Acceleration Validation.
We computed a rough validation (Table 2) of the altimeter-based acceleration estimate by comparing to other datasets, although they cover different time periods. We used the GRACE mascon data from ref. 27 and computed time series by averaging the mascons over (i) Greenland, (ii) Antarctica, and (iii) mountain glaciers and small ice caps (areas updated from ref. 28).

Constraining the thermosteric contribution to sea-level acceleration is hampered by the large discrepancies and related uncertainties that exist in ocean heat content datasets (20, 29). The root cause of these discrepancies has been attributed to errors in the raw data and mapping methods used to infill data gaps, which are particularly large in the southern oceans, but substantial progress has been made recently in dealing with these issues (30, 31). Given the systematic biases imparted by both data errors and infilling methods, a simple averaging across available datasets is not an effective means of minimizing bias (32). Rather, the optimization of mapping methods is likely to offer a suitable best estimate for quantifying both thermosteric contributions to acceleration and their uncertainty. Here we use the estimate provided from ref. 23. Comparison with independent data, such as the top of atmosphere (TOA) radiative balance also provides insight (32). We find the TOA reconstruction of ref. 33 to be broadly consistent with the value of acceleration derived from ref. 23.

I see. So this is also modified by computer programs? LOL

That's the conclusion of a team of University of Miami scientists that used a wealth of data from everything from tidal records and rain gauges to insurance claims to look at how often Miami Beach's streets have ended up underwater. They found that since 2006, rain-based floods have increased by 33 percent and tidal flooding by an astounding 400 percent.

"That's a surprising number," says Dr. Shimon Wdowinski, the study's lead author. "Nobody can say whether it will continue increasing at this rate. But this is still clearly a significant increase in flooding events."

Miami Beach's Tidal Flooding Has Jumped by 400 Percent in the Past Decade

Yes, Miami is flooding more often because, just like the Mississippi delta, the dams all along the coast have interrupted the sand flow that used to replenish the beaches. Yet again an age old problem compounded by idiot developers building homes in places where they would have never thought about doing it before because of money.

Here we go again, real scientists state that the sea level has risen about 18" in the Miami area, and Mr. Westwall states that he knows better. LOL

 

[IanC]

The last time I saw a water budget that almost explained where the SLR was coming from was over five years ago. It added up thermal expansion, glacier melting, pumped out reservoirs, etc. It was still short.

It had many thing going for it. The 2010 dip in sea level, the exaggerated GRACE estimates for ice loss, a lower estimate of claimed SLR, etc.

Since then the water from ice sheets has dropped and the claimed SLR has risen. Thermal expansion is no where near large enough to explain where the extra water volume is coming from. On top of that there is apparently a sinking of the ocean floor that reduces the absolute height of the water.

When these yahoos claim the shorelines are going to be swamped sometime real soon, I call bullshit. Even the low estimate of two feet by 2100 is an exaggerated fairytale.

 

[Toddsterpatriot]

You are sharp as a marble, Todd-O! How could scientists EVER possibly measure the effects of sea level rise on flooding,

Are you one of the morons who thought the flooding in Texas last year was because of global warming?

You ask a lot of questions!

You avoid a lot of questions. Is it because you're an idiot?

Is it because you are an idiot that you cannot see the reason that Texas is investing in more and more windmills and solar farms? And when the subsidies end, will continue to invest in wind and solar. The world will invest trillions in the renewables because it is the most economical form of generation right now. And will continue to be for the foreseeable future.

The world will invest trillions in the renewables because it is the most economical form of generation right now.

You just can't prove it.

There it is.

When you find data on a single installation, let me know.
I'm not interested in these fake numbers.

 

[Old Rocks]

Well yes, to all you Trumpanzees, real numbers and real science is all fake news.

 

[CrusaderFrank]

Science has determined that the Oceans have been rising since the end of the last ice age.
Science has determined that Earth goes through natural warming and cooling cycles.

Science has determined that you are an idiot. The earth has two long term features that determine the temperature. The TSI it gets, and the amount of GHGs in the atmosphere. While the Milankovic Cycles can vary the amount of TSI slightly, it is the GHGs that are most variable, and have created the most extinctions, both by cold and heat. The TSI is declining slightly at present, and we are in the downward part of the Milankovic Cycles. Yet we are now experiencing rapid warming. And we have increased the CO2 from 280 ppm to over 400 ppm, and the CH4 from 700 ppb to 1850 ppb. Of course we are warming, there is no other explanation for the warming except the GHGs we have put into the atmosphere.

So now can you point to lab work showing the relationship between temperature and CO2 increments

 

[CrusaderFrank]

Well yes, to all you Trumpanzees, real numbers and real science is all fake news.

Real numbers would be the relationship between CO2 level and temperature as demonstrated in real lab settings; that's science

 

[westwall]

Climate-change–driven accelerated sea-level rise detected in the altimeter era

Observations show sea levels rising, and climate change is accelerating it - CNN

More accurate methods show us these things are happening faster than we thought. Now expected to pass 2 feet rise by 2100.

Amazingly enough, when you look at their methods they all have one thing in common. They are all eventually modified by computer models. Huh. Imagine that. Take real data, massage it through the magic of computer modelling, and voila, you have the result you desire. But....it ain't data. It's computer derived fiction.


Methods
Altimeter Data Processing.
The altimeter data were processed following the recommendations set forth in ref. 15, including the latest orbits, tide models, sea-state bias models, water vapor corrections, etc. Following ref. 15, the “cal mode” correction to the TOPEX data was not applied, because the correction degraded comparisons to tide-gauge sea-level measurements, and because later investigation showed it should not have been applied in the first place. Not applying the cal-mode correction slightly increases the estimated sea-level acceleration. Measured GMSL was corrected for the effects of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment with a global model, which increased the GMSL rate by 0.25 mm/y (25).

Pinatubo GMSL Contribution.
The computation of the effects of the eruption of Mount Pinatubo on GMSL using the NCAR LE of models (21) is described in ref. 12. Because this model ends in 2010, we assumed an exponential decay from 2010 to the present. This correction increases the quadratic acceleration estimate by 0.02 mm/y2. The error in this correction was estimated from the variance of the NCAR LE at 0.01 mm/y2.

Computation of the ENSO GMSL Contribution.
We removed the effects of ENSO and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)-related variations on GMSL by computing a correction. This correction was computed via a joint cyclostationary empirical orthogonal function (CSEOF) analysis of altimeter GMSL, GRACE land water storage, and Argo-based thermosteric sea level from 2005 to present. The physical interpretation of these two modes is discussed in ref. 26, although here the understanding of the modal decomposition is extended through the inclusion of additional variables. The two leading CSEOF modes were subsequently projected onto the altimeter data from 1993 to present and averaged over the global ocean to arrive at what we refer to as a GMSL ENSO correction. Applying this correction reduced the quadratic acceleration value by 0.033 mm/y2. Based on the ENSO and PDO variability during the altimeter record, a positive acceleration is expected due both to the presences of two large El Niños at either end of the record and the recent shift from the positive to negative phase of the PDO. To allow for the possibility that this correction might have not removed all of the ENSO signal and also based on sensitivity tests of the decomposition, we carry an error estimate of 0.01 mm/y2 for this correction.

Calculation of Acceleration.
We perform a least-squares fit of a quadratic using a time epoch of 2005.0 (the midpoint of the altimeter time series), where acceleration is twice the quadratic coefficient. All of the data were weighted equally––weighting the data based on error estimates from tide-gauge differences did not appreciably change the results.

Tide-Gauge–Based Altimeter Acceleration Error Estimate.
The altimeter sea-level measurements were differenced with individual tide-gauge sea-level measurements, and then stacked and globally averaged to detect changes in the altimeter instrument behavior, assuming the tide-gauge measurements are perfect, following ref. 13. While there are overlaps between each of the four satellites in the time series, allowing instrumental biases to be determined and removed, there was no overlap in early 1999 when the TOPEX altimeter was switched from Side A to Side B of its electronics. As a consequence we estimated a bias here of 5.7 mm by leveling the TOPEX Side A tide-gauge differences to an average of the Jason-1–3 differences. This is a slightly different value than was found in ref. 15 (5 mm) because our analysis technique was different. Once this adjustment was made, an AR1 noise model was used to estimate the 1σ error in the quadratic acceleration coefficient of 0.011 mm/y2. This is almost certainly a conservative error estimate because it assumes the tide-gauge sea-level measurements are perfect.

Acceleration Validation.
We computed a rough validation (Table 2) of the altimeter-based acceleration estimate by comparing to other datasets, although they cover different time periods. We used the GRACE mascon data from ref. 27 and computed time series by averaging the mascons over (i) Greenland, (ii) Antarctica, and (iii) mountain glaciers and small ice caps (areas updated from ref. 28).

Constraining the thermosteric contribution to sea-level acceleration is hampered by the large discrepancies and related uncertainties that exist in ocean heat content datasets (20, 29). The root cause of these discrepancies has been attributed to errors in the raw data and mapping methods used to infill data gaps, which are particularly large in the southern oceans, but substantial progress has been made recently in dealing with these issues (30, 31). Given the systematic biases imparted by both data errors and infilling methods, a simple averaging across available datasets is not an effective means of minimizing bias (32). Rather, the optimization of mapping methods is likely to offer a suitable best estimate for quantifying both thermosteric contributions to acceleration and their uncertainty. Here we use the estimate provided from ref. 23. Comparison with independent data, such as the top of atmosphere (TOA) radiative balance also provides insight (32). We find the TOA reconstruction of ref. 33 to be broadly consistent with the value of acceleration derived from ref. 23.

I see. So this is also modified by computer programs? LOL

That's the conclusion of a team of University of Miami scientists that used a wealth of data from everything from tidal records and rain gauges to insurance claims to look at how often Miami Beach's streets have ended up underwater. They found that since 2006, rain-based floods have increased by 33 percent and tidal flooding by an astounding 400 percent.

"That's a surprising number," says Dr. Shimon Wdowinski, the study's lead author. "Nobody can say whether it will continue increasing at this rate. But this is still clearly a significant increase in flooding events."

Miami Beach's Tidal Flooding Has Jumped by 400 Percent in the Past Decade

Yes, Miami is flooding more often because, just like the Mississippi delta, the dams all along the coast have interrupted the sand flow that used to replenish the beaches. Yet again an age old problem compounded by idiot developers building homes in places where they would have never thought about doing it before because of money.

Here we go again, real scientists state that the sea level has risen about 18" in the Miami area, and Mr. Westwall states that he knows better. LOL

HOLY CRAP BATMAN! Real scientists, who actually want to mitigate the problem instead of make a bunch of cash off of the taxpayers, seem to agree with me... Who knew! Why anyone who is a real scientist...that's who!



"This study attributed the flooding frequency increase to a decadal-scale acceleraing rates of SLR. However, some of the increased flooding frequency might have caused due to local land subsidence, because some of the low elevation sections of the city were built on reclaimed swamps. In this study we evaluate the contribution of land subsidence to the increasing flooding hazard in Miami Beach using Interferometric Syntheic Aperture Radar (InSAR) observations.

http://www.ces.fau.edu/arctic-florida/pdfs/fiaschi-wdowinski.pdf

 

[Ridgerunner]

If we spend a couple of trillion on windmills, we'll be saved!!!

Is that the reason the libs are building dykes?

 

[TroglocratsRdumb]

Science has determined that the Oceans have been rising since the end of the last ice age.
Science has determined that Earth goes through natural warming and cooling cycles.

Science has determined that you are an idiot. The earth has two long term features that determine the temperature. The TSI it gets, and the amount of GHGs in the atmosphere. While the Milankovic Cycles can vary the amount of TSI slightly, it is the GHGs that are most variable, and have created the most extinctions, both by cold and heat. The TSI is declining slightly at present, and we are in the downward part of the Milankovic Cycles. Yet we are now experiencing rapid warming. And we have increased the CO2 from 280 ppm to over 400 ppm, and the CH4 from 700 ppb to 1850 ppb. Of course we are warming, there is no other explanation for the warming except the GHGs we have put into the atmosphere.

“Creating an ideology pegged to carbon dioxide is a dangerous nonsense…The present alarm on climate change is an instrument of social control, a pretext for major businesses and political battle. It became an ideology, which is concerning.” - Environmental Scientist Professor Delgado Domingos


“Climate change is a matter of geologic time, something that the earth routinely does on its own”- Nobel Prize-Winning Stanford University Physicist Dr. Robert B. Laughlin

 

[Toddsterpatriot]

Well yes, to all you Trumpanzees, real numbers and real science is all fake news.

Prove those LCOE numbers are real.
Start small. With a single wind installation.
Or Ivanpah......LOL!

 

[Toddsterpatriot]

If we spend a couple of trillion on windmills, we'll be saved!!!

Is that the reason the libs are building dykes?

Is that Old Rocks? LOL!

 

[Billy_Bob]

Climate-change–driven accelerated sea-level rise detected in the altimeter era

Observations show sea levels rising, and climate change is accelerating it - CNN

More accurate methods show us these things are happening faster than we thought. Now expected to pass 2 feet rise by 2100.

BWhaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

Not this bull shit again...

 

[Old Rocks]

South Florida is one of the most vulnerable areas to Sea Level Rise (SLR) due to its low eleva?on, large population concentration, and economic importance. Recently, the city of Miami has been identified as the economically most vulnerable city to SLR in the world (US Na?onal climate assessment). Heretofore, the effect of SLR has felt mostly in low-lying coastal communi?es, such as the City of Miami Beach. A recent flooding hazard study of Miami Beach have shown a significant increase in flooding frequency aTer 2006, in which the flooding frequency increased by 400% compare with flooding events during the previous decade (Wdowinski et al., 2016). This study a\ributed the flooding frequency increase to a decadal-scale accelerating rates of SLR. However, some of the increased flooding frequency might have caused due to local land subsidence, because some of the low eleva?on sec?ons of the city were built on reclaimed swamps. In this study we evaluate the contribu?on of land subsidence to the increasing flooding hazard in Miami Beach using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) observations
http://www.ces.fau.edu/arctic-florida/pdfs/fiaschi-wdowinski.pdf

Some of the increased flooding.

 

[westwall]

South Florida is one of the most vulnerable areas to Sea Level Rise (SLR) due to its low eleva?on, large population concentration, and economic importance. Recently, the city of Miami has been identified as the economically most vulnerable city to SLR in the world (US Na?onal climate assessment). Heretofore, the effect of SLR has felt mostly in low-lying coastal communi?es, such as the City of Miami Beach. A recent flooding hazard study of Miami Beach have shown a significant increase in flooding frequency aTer 2006, in which the flooding frequency increased by 400% compare with flooding events during the previous decade (Wdowinski et al., 2016). This study a\ributed the flooding frequency increase to a decadal-scale accelerating rates of SLR. However, some of the increased flooding frequency might have caused due to local land subsidence, because some of the low eleva?on sec?ons of the city were built on reclaimed swamps. In this study we evaluate the contribu?on of land subsidence to the increasing flooding hazard in Miami Beach using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) observations
http://www.ces.fau.edu/arctic-florida/pdfs/fiaschi-wdowinski.pdf

Some of the increased flooding.

The difference is the land subsidence has actual observations to support it. Your SLR has only computer models. The flooding can not be attributed to a mere 5mm rise in sea level, but it CAN be attributed to the loss of the beach. That's what is known as REAL science. Not the computer derived silliness you people push.

 

[SSDD]

Climate-change–driven accelerated sea-level rise detected in the altimeter era

Observations show sea levels rising, and climate change is accelerating it - CNN

More accurate methods show us these things are happening faster than we thought. Now expected to pass 2 feet rise by 2100.

Riiiiiiitggggghhhhtttt...because satellites really can detect a 1mm per decade trend in sea level.

The fact that you wack jobs keep believing these doomsday claims, even after decades of failed doomsday claims is just pathetic. How stupid do you have to be to keep believing these guys?

 

[SSDD]

Funny CNN propaganda link

Pay attention, genius....the link to the study is the top link.

You believe the link to the government funded politically motivated site is better? Interesting.