- Thread starter
- #121
Why did you say my link was only about 1912 to 1920? What purpose did such an ostentatious display of stupidity serve you?
In your link, what were the years covered for New York?
If you insist on talking about New York, fine.
Point one from my lnk:
Precipitating Factors and Processes
New York's Ellis Island is renowned for having been the gateway to the United States for millions of immigrants in the nineteeneth and twentieth centuries. Immigration, as a major social phenomenon and issue, is ingrained in the history of the state.
In the early twentieth century, partly in response to a massive influx of immigrants, the Americanization movement was gaining ground in New York. This movement stressed the assimilation and naturalization of foreign-born individuals.
The New York Bureau of Industries and Immigration was the first immigrant social welfare program in the nation but in 1913 Marian Clark, a eugenicist, took over as chief investigator of the bureau. She attemped, without much success, to graft eugenics onto the Americanization movement (Ziegler-McPherson, pp. 54-55).
Clark advocated immigration restriction to shape American culture;
she supported exclusion and sterilization of "defective" aliens and citizens, believing that the United States could develop a healthier and stabler society as a result.
She even attempted, unsuccessfully, to enlist the aid of eugenics leader Charles Davenport to "develop a plan whereby the state might be relieved of the burden of not only deportable insane aliens, but also alien criminals and other dependants."
Despite Clark's conviction to eugenics through immigration restriction, only a few hundred to a thousand "defective" aliens were deported each year before 1921 because of lack of governmental funding.
And point two, to address your attempt to blame this on the progressive movement:
Americanization gained momentum as both a social movement and public policy in 191315. Frances A. Kellor, the former chief investigator for the NYBII, was working to build a national movement through the CCIH, while her successor, Marian K. Clark, was making her own mark on the NYBII.
The new chief investigator's attempt to graft eugenics onto Americanization weakened the bureau politically. As conservatives attacked the NYBII for interfering with businesses' labor practices, New York progressives were unwilling to defend the bureau because of Clark's advocacy of a eugenics-based immigration policy.
By 1915, Americanization had become a national movement, as progressives interested in immigration had established a nationwide network. However, New York was quickly losing its position as pioneer and leader of this new movement, as the Bureau of Industries and Immigration became distracted with Clark's efforts to graft eugenics onto Americanization.
Link:
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/viewindexcard/10.5744$002fflorida$002f9780813033617.003.0004?print
So, despite your attempt to connect eugenics in NY circa 1915 to Progressives, the above author makes the point that progressives in NY were in fact opposed to Marian Clark's attempts to advance eugenics.
Okay?
In your link, what were the years covered for New York?