151 years ago today: Democrats founded and staffed the Ku Klux Klan

"During Radical Reconstruction, the Klan sought to eliminate the Republican Party in the South by intimidating Republican voters, both white and black. The Klan's long-term goal was to keep African Americans in the role of submissive laborers."
.

Martin Luther King Jr.

The Republican Party geared its appeal and program to racism, reaction, and extremism. All people of goodwill viewed with alarm and concern the frenzied wedding at the Cow Palace of the KKK with the radical right.
 
Reply #1,000 in my favorite thread!

(or close.)

RAH!

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On Dec. 24, 1865, Democrats in the American South formed the Ku Klux Klan as a means of keeping uppity blacks in their place. They attacked the blacks, and any white Republicans who defended or support them, lynching and killing them when possible. Democrat support for, and membership in, the KKK continues to this day, with the Democrat attacking, insulting, and pillorying blacks who dared to espouse viewpoints the Democrats disagree with.


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KKK founded - Dec 24, 1865 - HISTORY.com

151 years ago KKK founded
December 24, 2016


In Pulaski, Tennessee, a group of Confederate veterans convenes to form a secret society that they christen the “Ku Klux Klan.” The KKK rapidly grew from a secret social fraternity to a paramilitary force bent on reversing the federal government’s progressive Reconstruction Era-activities in the South, especially policies that elevated the rights of the local African American population.

The name of the Ku Klux Klan was derived from the Greek word kyklos, meaning “circle,” and the Scottish-Gaelic word “clan,” which was probably chosen for the sake of alliteration. Under a platform of philosophized white racial superiority, the group employed violence as a means of pushing back Reconstruction and its enfranchisement of African Americans. Former Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest was the KKK’s first grand wizard; in 1869, he unsuccessfully tried to disband it after he grew critical of the Klan’s excessive violence.

Most prominent in counties where the races were relatively balanced, the KKK engaged in terrorist raids against African Americans and white Republicans at night, employing intimidation, destruction of property, assault, and murder to achieve its aims and influence upcoming elections. In a few Southern states, Republicans organized militia units to break up the Klan. In 1871, the Ku Klux Act passed Congress, authorizing President Ulysses S. Grant to use military force to suppress the KKK. The Ku Klux Act resulted in nine South Carolina counties being placed under martial law and thousands of arrests.

Martin Luther King Jr.- noting how in 1964 the Republican Party moved to become the party of racism- and the KKK
The Republican Party geared its appeal and program to racism, reaction, and extremism. All people of goodwill viewed with alarm and concern the frenzied wedding at the Cow Palace of the KKK with the radical right.
 
Last edited:
On Dec. 24, 1865, Democrats in the American South formed the Ku Klux Klan as a means of keeping uppity blacks in their place.

WRONG.

In Pulaski, Tennessee, a group of Confederate veterans convenes to form a secret society that they christen the “Ku Klux Klan.” The KKK rapidly grew from a secret social fraternity to a paramilitary force

RIGHT.

Oh look. Same post, shooting itself in the foot.

There's more available too.

>> Six well-educated Confederate veterans from Pulaski, Tennessee, created the original Ku Klux Klan on December 24, 1865, during Reconstruction of the South after the Civil War. << (here)​

More?

>> The original Ku Klux Klan was created in an 1865 meeting in a law office by six Confederate veterans in Pulaski, Tennessee. It was, at first, a humorous social club centering on practical jokes and hazing rituals. From 1866 to 1867, various local units began breaking up black prayer meetings and invading black homes at night to steal firearms. Some of these activities may have been modeled on previous Tennessee vigilante groups such as the Yellow Jackets and Redcaps. <<--- History of the Ku Klux Klan
http://preachthecross.net/history-of-the-ku-klux-klan/
More?

>> The first Klan was created by six men from Pulaski Tennessee, in the image of other secret societies of the day. The hierarchical organization with local chapters housed under a national umbressa [sic] structure.

... History and context:

The first KKK was formed in the American South at the end of the civil war, when the victorious Union government imposed a version of martial law on the south and began to enforce laws designed to end segregation against black citizens. When a constitutional amendment granted black men the right to vote in 1870, the group turned to intimidation and violence to try to halt de-segregation. << --- Terrorism: About.com
http://terrorism.about.com/od/groupsleader1/p/Ku_Klux_Klan.htm
More?

>> The original Ku Klux Klan was organized by ex-Confederate elements to oppose the Reconstruction policies of the radical Republican Congress and to maintain "white supremacy." After the Civil War, when local government in the South was weak or nonexistent and there were fears of black outrages and even of an insurrection, informal vigilante organizations or armed patrols were formed in almost all communities. These were linked together in societies, such as the Men of Justice, the Pale Faces, the Constitutional Union Guards, the White Brotherhood, and the Order of the White Rose. The Ku Klux Klan was the best known of these, and in time it absorbed many of the smaller organizations. << -- Infoplease.
http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/history/ku-klux-klan-the-first-ku-klux-klan.html
NOW how much would you pay?

>> The 19th-century Klan was originally organized as a social club by Confederate veterans in Pulaski, Tenn., in 1866. They apparently derived the name from the Greek word kyklos, from which comes the English circle; Klan; was added for the sake of alliteration and Ku Klux Klan emerged. The organization quickly became a vehicle for Southern white underground resistance to Radical Reconstruction. Klan members sought the restoration of white supremacy through intimidation and violence aimed at the newly enfranchised black freedmen. A similar organization, the Knights of the White Camelia, began in Louisiana in 1867. << -- Encyclopedia Brittanica
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/324086/Ku-Klux-Klan
Now then ---
WHERE do you see anything there about 'political parties'?

Your source?
 
On Dec. 24, 1865, Democrats in the American South formed the Ku Klux Klan as a means of keeping uppity blacks in their place.

WRONG.

In Pulaski, Tennessee, a group of Confederate veterans convenes to form a secret society that they christen the “Ku Klux Klan.” The KKK rapidly grew from a secret social fraternity to a paramilitary force

RIGHT.

Oh look. Same post, shooting itself in the foot.

There's more available too.

>> Six well-educated Confederate veterans from Pulaski, Tennessee, created the original Ku Klux Klan on December 24, 1865, during Reconstruction of the South after the Civil War. << (here)​

More?

>> The original Ku Klux Klan was created in an 1865 meeting in a law office by six Confederate veterans in Pulaski, Tennessee. It was, at first, a humorous social club centering on practical jokes and hazing rituals. From 1866 to 1867, various local units began breaking up black prayer meetings and invading black homes at night to steal firearms. Some of these activities may have been modeled on previous Tennessee vigilante groups such as the Yellow Jackets and Redcaps. <<--- History of the Ku Klux Klan
More?

>> The first Klan was created by six men from Pulaski Tennessee, in the image of other secret societies of the day. The hierarchical organization with local chapters housed under a national umbressa [sic] structure.

... History and context:

The first KKK was formed in the American South at the end of the civil war, when the victorious Union government imposed a version of martial law on the south and began to enforce laws designed to end segregation against black citizens. When a constitutional amendment granted black men the right to vote in 1870, the group turned to intimidation and violence to try to halt de-segregation. << --- Terrorism: About.com
More?

>> The original Ku Klux Klan was organized by ex-Confederate elements to oppose the Reconstruction policies of the radical Republican Congress and to maintain "white supremacy." After the Civil War, when local government in the South was weak or nonexistent and there were fears of black outrages and even of an insurrection, informal vigilante organizations or armed patrols were formed in almost all communities. These were linked together in societies, such as the Men of Justice, the Pale Faces, the Constitutional Union Guards, the White Brotherhood, and the Order of the White Rose. The Ku Klux Klan was the best known of these, and in time it absorbed many of the smaller organizations. << -- Infoplease.
NOW how much would you pay?

>> The 19th-century Klan was originally organized as a social club by Confederate veterans in Pulaski, Tenn., in 1866. They apparently derived the name from the Greek word kyklos, from which comes the English circle; Klan; was added for the sake of alliteration and Ku Klux Klan emerged. The organization quickly became a vehicle for Southern white underground resistance to Radical Reconstruction. Klan members sought the restoration of white supremacy through intimidation and violence aimed at the newly enfranchised black freedmen. A similar organization, the Knights of the White Camelia, began in Louisiana in 1867. << -- Encyclopedia Brittanica
Now then ---
WHERE do you see anything there about 'political parties'?

Your source?
You democrat klansmen are a special type of stupid....sadly, you won't go away....
 
On Dec. 24, 1865, Democrats in the American South formed the Ku Klux Klan as a means of keeping uppity blacks in their place.

WRONG.

In Pulaski, Tennessee, a group of Confederate veterans convenes to form a secret society that they christen the “Ku Klux Klan.” The KKK rapidly grew from a secret social fraternity to a paramilitary force

RIGHT.

Oh look. Same post, shooting itself in the foot.

There's more available too.

>> Six well-educated Confederate veterans from Pulaski, Tennessee, created the original Ku Klux Klan on December 24, 1865, during Reconstruction of the South after the Civil War. << (here)​

More?

>> The original Ku Klux Klan was created in an 1865 meeting in a law office by six Confederate veterans in Pulaski, Tennessee. It was, at first, a humorous social club centering on practical jokes and hazing rituals. From 1866 to 1867, various local units began breaking up black prayer meetings and invading black homes at night to steal firearms. Some of these activities may have been modeled on previous Tennessee vigilante groups such as the Yellow Jackets and Redcaps. <<--- History of the Ku Klux Klan
More?

>> The first Klan was created by six men from Pulaski Tennessee, in the image of other secret societies of the day. The hierarchical organization with local chapters housed under a national umbressa [sic] structure.

... History and context:

The first KKK was formed in the American South at the end of the civil war, when the victorious Union government imposed a version of martial law on the south and began to enforce laws designed to end segregation against black citizens. When a constitutional amendment granted black men the right to vote in 1870, the group turned to intimidation and violence to try to halt de-segregation. << --- Terrorism: About.com
More?

>> The original Ku Klux Klan was organized by ex-Confederate elements to oppose the Reconstruction policies of the radical Republican Congress and to maintain "white supremacy." After the Civil War, when local government in the South was weak or nonexistent and there were fears of black outrages and even of an insurrection, informal vigilante organizations or armed patrols were formed in almost all communities. These were linked together in societies, such as the Men of Justice, the Pale Faces, the Constitutional Union Guards, the White Brotherhood, and the Order of the White Rose. The Ku Klux Klan was the best known of these, and in time it absorbed many of the smaller organizations. << -- Infoplease.
NOW how much would you pay?

>> The 19th-century Klan was originally organized as a social club by Confederate veterans in Pulaski, Tenn., in 1866. They apparently derived the name from the Greek word kyklos, from which comes the English circle; Klan; was added for the sake of alliteration and Ku Klux Klan emerged. The organization quickly became a vehicle for Southern white underground resistance to Radical Reconstruction. Klan members sought the restoration of white supremacy through intimidation and violence aimed at the newly enfranchised black freedmen. A similar organization, the Knights of the White Camelia, began in Louisiana in 1867. << -- Encyclopedia Brittanica
Now then ---
WHERE do you see anything there about 'political parties'?

Your source?
You democrat klansmen are a special type of stupid....sadly, you won't go away....

What's that? You still want more? Fair enough, can do.

A reprise of post 205:

Here's my OP from This Day in History from a year ago:

In a small town in the devastated South, ravaged by war, impoverished and with gainful employment and any sense of normalcy elusive, six young men, veterans of the defeated Confederate Army, met in the law office of Judge Thomas M. Jones at 205 West Madison Street.

>> They had lost all their property, there were no business prospects for them at the time; it was Christmas Eve and their town was saddened not only by the wreckage of Civil War, but by the visitation of a cyclone which had killed and injured many of its inhabitants and destroyed many homes; yet, the spirit of youth could not be conquered.... . One of these young men, Captain John C. Lester, said: "Boys, let's start something to break this monotony, and to cheer up our mothers and the girls. Let's start a club of some kind."

.... Before the arrival of the next meeting one of the young men, Captain John B. Kennedy, was requested to stay in the home of Col. Thomas Martin, for its protection, while he and his family were absent from Pulaski. Captain Kennedy invited the other organizers of the club, Frank O. McCord, Calvin E. Jones, John C. Lester, Richard R. Reed and James R. Crowe, to meet him there.

During the evening the organization was perfected. Captain John B. Kennedy, on the committee to select a name mentioned one which he had considered, "Kukloi," from the Greek word "Kuklos," meaning a band or circle. James R. Crowe said "Call it Ku Klux," and no one will know what it means. John C. Lester said: "Add Klan as we are all [of] Scotch-Irish descent."

He then repeated the words: "Ku Klux Klan," the first time these words ever fell from human tongue. The weirdness of the alliteration appealed to the mysterious within them ; so the name was adopted with a feeling that they had chosen something which would excite the curiosity of their friends and carry out their idea of amusement, which, most unexpectedly to them, proved a boon to Pulaski and the South.

James R. Crowe suggested to make it more mysterious, that a costume be adopted. They then made a raid upon Mrs. Martin's linen closet and robed themselves with boyish glee in her stiff linen sheets and pillow-cases, as masquerading was a popular form of entertainment in those days. Wishing to make an impression they borrowed some horses from a near-by stable and disguised them with sheets.

They then mounted and rode through the darkness, calling at the homes of their mothers and sweethearts, without speaking a word. They rode slowly through the streets of Pulaski waving to the people and making grotesque gestures, which created merriment to the unsuperstitious, and to the superstitious, great fear.

The next day they heard many favorable comments on the unknown boys who had so paraded, having optimism enough to penetrate the gloom which had settled over this once prosperous and happy community. Aside from the amusement they had created, it was reported on the streets, that many of the idle negroes thought they had seen ghosts from the nearby battlefields, and had with haste gone back to their former masters, only too willing to work.

The trivial incident of the selection of the ghostly regalia had a most important bearing on the future of the organization. The potency of the name "Ku Klux Klan" was not wholly in the impression made by it on the public, but the members of the Ku Klux Klan themselves first felt its mysterious power, and realized that through this means they might accomplish something towards alleviating the distress then prevalent in their community. Yet their dominant idea was amusement, based on secrecy and mystery. <<1
The shroud of mystery proved infectious far beyond this group of six and loose adjunct chapters were started around the region. Into these chapters crept a lawless vigilante element that had been mustering in the defeated South, usually also started by Confederate veterans, at first ostensibly a "protective" force but in practice increasingly a terroristic one, in effect insurgents bent on continuing the War, or at least driving out what it saw as an occupying army.

Though officially disbanded in 1869 specifically because of this lawlessness, this same vigilante element ignored the order and continued its terrorism well into the 1870s, organized or not, until the Klan was extinguished by the middle of that decade.

This Ku Klux Klan had lasted less than a dozen years and would have been relegated to the footnotes of history along with the White League, Knights of the White Camellia and other such postwar movements, had it not been for a Georgia salesman and opportunist named William Simmons who, exactly fifty years later, saw a get-rich-quick opportunity in the wake of the stir created by the racist film "Birth of a Nation", which romanticized and whitewashed the old Klan stories. On Thanksgiving Day 1915 Simmons took some followers up Stone Mountain and rekindled the Klan, taking the trouble to acquire a charter from the State of Georgia (and set up a scheme to sell and market memberships, making sure he got a cut of each one).

Simmons saw dollar signs in the national fear of foreigners and immigrants, his new Klan reiteration targeting these newcomers, largely Eastern European, along with labor unions, Catholics, Jews, blacks and any other non-WASP minority, as well as communists, "loose" women, and alcohol (his KKK was firmly behind the Temperance movement and 18th Amendment) -- even though Simmons himself was known to imbibe in these vices. Simmons would hire marketing consultants to exploit these national fears, greatly expanding the Klan far beyond the former geographical and ideological boundaries of the South, to the point where at one point an estimated one-third of the entire male population of Indiana was counted in its members.

Most of our experience of Klan activity, and virtually all of the photographic evidence, derives from Simmons' second (1915) iteration, as does the cross-burning imagery (which was taken from the film, not from history). But ultimately it derives from six bored young guys looking for something to do in a small town, 150 years ago today.

The building at 205 West Madison was marked with a plaque by the Daughters of the Confederacy in 1917, listing the names of the group's founders, apparently feeling Pulaski was snubbed by not being mentioned in Birth of a Nation. In 1990 the building's new owner Don Massey2 turned the plaque backwards and re-bolted it to the brick, so that it now shows nothing but blank.


1 - description quoted from "Authentic History [of the] Ku Klux Klan 1865-1877" by Susan Lawrence Davis
2- Article, Augusta Chronicle 1/20/97


*THERE* is your authentic history. Please to either (a) find me any reference to politics, politicians, or political parties; or (b) bite my ass.


Got more. Just ask.
 
Post 865 revisited:

PROLOGUE
>> A series of bloody slave revolts in Virginia and other parts of the South resulted in the widespread practice of authorized night patrols composed of white men specially deputized for that purpose. White Southerners looked upon these night patrols as a civic duty, something akin to serving on a jury or in the militia. The mounted patrols, or regulators, as they were called, prowled Southern roads, enforcing the curfew for slaves, looking for runaways, and guarding rural areas against the threat of black uprisings. They were authorized by law to give a specific number of lashes to any violators they caught. The memory of these legal night riders and their whips was still fresh in the minds of both defeated Southerners and liberated blacks when the first Klansmen took to those same roads in 1866.

An even more immediate impetus for the Ku Klux Klan was the civil War itself and the reconstruction that followed. When robed Klansmen were at their peak of power, alarmed Northerners justifiably saw in the Klan an attempt of unrepentant confederates to win through terrorism what they had been unable to win on the battlefield. Such a simple view did not totally explain the Klan’s sway over the South, but there is little doubt that many a confederate veteran exchanged his rebel gray for the hoods and sheets of the Invisible Empire.

Finally, and most importantly, there were the conditions Southerners were faced with immediately after the war. Their cities, plantations and farms were ruined; they were impoverished and often hungry; there was an occupation army in their midst; and Reconstruction governments threatened to usurp the traditional white ruling authority. In the first few months after the fighting ended, white Southerners had to contend with the losses of life, property and, in their eyes, honor. The time was ripe for the Ku Klux Klan to ride.​

= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =​
ORIGINS
The origin of the Ku Klux Klan was a carefully guarded secret for years, although there were many theories to explain its beginnings. One popular notion held that the Ku Klux Klan was originally a secret order of Chinese opium smugglers. Another claimed it was begun by Confederate prisoners during the war. The most ridiculous theory attributed the name to some ancient Jewish document referring to the Hebrews enslaved by the Egyptian pharaohs.

In fact, the beginning of the Klan involved nothing so sinister, subversive or ancient as the theories supposed. It was the boredom of small-town life that led six young Confederate veterans to gather around a fireplace one December evening in 1865 and form a social club. The place was Pulaski, Tenn., near the Alabama border. When they reassembled a week later, the six young men were full of ideas for their new society. It would be secret, to heighten the amusement of the thing, and the titles for the various offices were to have names as preposterous-sounding as possible, partly for the fun of it and partly to avoid any military or political implications.

Thus the head of the group was called the Grand Cyclops. His assistant was the Grand Magi. There was to be a Grand Turk to greet all candidates for admission, a Grand Scribe to act as secretary, night hawks for messengers and a Lictor to be the guard. The members, when the six young men found some to join, would be called Ghouls. But what to name the society itself?

The founders were determined to come up with something unusual and mysterious. Being well-educated, they turned to the Greek language. After tossing around a number of ideas, Richard R. Reed suggested the word “kuklos,” from which the English words “circle” and “cycle” are derived. Another member, Capt. John B. Kennedy, had an ear for alliteration and added the word “”clan.” after tinkering with the sound for a while they settled on Ku Klux Klan. The selection of the name, chance though it was, had a great deal to do with the Klan’s early success. Something about the sound aroused curiosity and gave the fledgling club an immediate air of mystery, as did the initials K.K.K., which were soon to take on such terrifying significance.

Soon after the founders named the Klan, they decided to do a bit of showing off, and so disguised themselves in sheets and galloped their horses through the quiet streets of tiny Pulaski. their ride created such a stir that the men decided to adopt the sheets as the official regalia of the Ku Klux Klan, and they added to the effect by donning grotesque masks and tall pointed hats. They also performed elaborate initiation ceremonies for new members. Similar to the hazing popular in college fraternities, the ceremony consisted of blindfolding the candidate, subjecting him to a series of silly oaths and rough handling, and finally bringing him before a “royal altar” where he was to be invested with a “royal crown.” the altar turned out to be a mirror and the crown two large donkey’s ears. Ridiculous though it sounds today, that was the high point of the earliest activities of the Ku Klux Klan.

Had that been all there was to the Ku Klux Klan, it probably would have disappeared as quietly as it was born. But at some point in early 1866, the club added new members from nearby towns and began to have a chilling effect on local blacks. The intimidating night rides were soon the centerpiece of the hooded order: bands of white-sheeted ghouls paid late night visits to black homes, admonishing the terrified occupants to behave themselves and threatening more visits if they didn’t. It didn’t take long for the threats to be converted into violence against blacks who insisted on exercising their new rights and freedom. Before its six founders realized what had happened, the Ku Klux Klan had become something they may not have originally intended — something deadly serious.


.... The Nashville Klan convention was called to grapple with these problems by creating a chain of command and deciding just what sort of organization the Klan would be. The meeting gave birth to the official philosophy of white supremacy as the fundamental creed of the Ku Klux Klan. Throughout the summer of 1867 the Invisible Empire changed, shedding the antics that had brought laughter during its parades and other public appearances, and instead taking on the full nature of a secret and powerful force with a sinister purpose.

All the now-familiar tactics of the Klan date from this period — the threats delivered to blacks, radicals and other enemies warning them to leave town; the night raids on individuals they singled out for rougher treatment; and the mass demonstrations of masked and robed Klansmen designed to cast their long shadow of fear over a troubled community. << --- The Ku Klux Klan: A History of Racism
 
On Dec. 24, 1865, Democrats in the American South formed the Ku Klux Klan as a means of keeping uppity blacks in their place.

WRONG.

In Pulaski, Tennessee, a group of Confederate veterans convenes to form a secret society that they christen the “Ku Klux Klan.” The KKK rapidly grew from a secret social fraternity to a paramilitary force

RIGHT.

Oh look. Same post, shooting itself in the foot.

There's more available too.

>> Six well-educated Confederate veterans from Pulaski, Tennessee, created the original Ku Klux Klan on December 24, 1865, during Reconstruction of the South after the Civil War. << (here)​

More?

>> The original Ku Klux Klan was created in an 1865 meeting in a law office by six Confederate veterans in Pulaski, Tennessee. It was, at first, a humorous social club centering on practical jokes and hazing rituals. From 1866 to 1867, various local units began breaking up black prayer meetings and invading black homes at night to steal firearms. Some of these activities may have been modeled on previous Tennessee vigilante groups such as the Yellow Jackets and Redcaps. <<--- History of the Ku Klux Klan
More?

>> The first Klan was created by six men from Pulaski Tennessee, in the image of other secret societies of the day. The hierarchical organization with local chapters housed under a national umbressa [sic] structure.

... History and context:

The first KKK was formed in the American South at the end of the civil war, when the victorious Union government imposed a version of martial law on the south and began to enforce laws designed to end segregation against black citizens. When a constitutional amendment granted black men the right to vote in 1870, the group turned to intimidation and violence to try to halt de-segregation. << --- Terrorism: About.com
More?

>> The original Ku Klux Klan was organized by ex-Confederate elements to oppose the Reconstruction policies of the radical Republican Congress and to maintain "white supremacy." After the Civil War, when local government in the South was weak or nonexistent and there were fears of black outrages and even of an insurrection, informal vigilante organizations or armed patrols were formed in almost all communities. These were linked together in societies, such as the Men of Justice, the Pale Faces, the Constitutional Union Guards, the White Brotherhood, and the Order of the White Rose. The Ku Klux Klan was the best known of these, and in time it absorbed many of the smaller organizations. << -- Infoplease.
NOW how much would you pay?

>> The 19th-century Klan was originally organized as a social club by Confederate veterans in Pulaski, Tenn., in 1866. They apparently derived the name from the Greek word kyklos, from which comes the English circle; Klan; was added for the sake of alliteration and Ku Klux Klan emerged. The organization quickly became a vehicle for Southern white underground resistance to Radical Reconstruction. Klan members sought the restoration of white supremacy through intimidation and violence aimed at the newly enfranchised black freedmen. A similar organization, the Knights of the White Camelia, began in Louisiana in 1867. << -- Encyclopedia Brittanica
Now then ---
WHERE do you see anything there about 'political parties'?

Your source?
You democrat klansmen are a special type of stupid....sadly, you won't go away....

What's that? You still want more? Fair enough, can do.

A reprise of post 205:

Here's my OP from This Day in History from a year ago:

In a small town in the devastated South, ravaged by war, impoverished and with gainful employment and any sense of normalcy elusive, six young men, veterans of the defeated Confederate Army, met in the law office of Judge Thomas M. Jones at 205 West Madison Street.

>> They had lost all their property, there were no business prospects for them at the time; it was Christmas Eve and their town was saddened not only by the wreckage of Civil War, but by the visitation of a cyclone which had killed and injured many of its inhabitants and destroyed many homes; yet, the spirit of youth could not be conquered.... . One of these young men, Captain John C. Lester, said: "Boys, let's start something to break this monotony, and to cheer up our mothers and the girls. Let's start a club of some kind."

.... Before the arrival of the next meeting one of the young men, Captain John B. Kennedy, was requested to stay in the home of Col. Thomas Martin, for its protection, while he and his family were absent from Pulaski. Captain Kennedy invited the other organizers of the club, Frank O. McCord, Calvin E. Jones, John C. Lester, Richard R. Reed and James R. Crowe, to meet him there.

During the evening the organization was perfected. Captain John B. Kennedy, on the committee to select a name mentioned one which he had considered, "Kukloi," from the Greek word "Kuklos," meaning a band or circle. James R. Crowe said "Call it Ku Klux," and no one will know what it means. John C. Lester said: "Add Klan as we are all [of] Scotch-Irish descent."

He then repeated the words: "Ku Klux Klan," the first time these words ever fell from human tongue. The weirdness of the alliteration appealed to the mysterious within them ; so the name was adopted with a feeling that they had chosen something which would excite the curiosity of their friends and carry out their idea of amusement, which, most unexpectedly to them, proved a boon to Pulaski and the South.

James R. Crowe suggested to make it more mysterious, that a costume be adopted. They then made a raid upon Mrs. Martin's linen closet and robed themselves with boyish glee in her stiff linen sheets and pillow-cases, as masquerading was a popular form of entertainment in those days. Wishing to make an impression they borrowed some horses from a near-by stable and disguised them with sheets.

They then mounted and rode through the darkness, calling at the homes of their mothers and sweethearts, without speaking a word. They rode slowly through the streets of Pulaski waving to the people and making grotesque gestures, which created merriment to the unsuperstitious, and to the superstitious, great fear.

The next day they heard many favorable comments on the unknown boys who had so paraded, having optimism enough to penetrate the gloom which had settled over this once prosperous and happy community. Aside from the amusement they had created, it was reported on the streets, that many of the idle negroes thought they had seen ghosts from the nearby battlefields, and had with haste gone back to their former masters, only too willing to work.

The trivial incident of the selection of the ghostly regalia had a most important bearing on the future of the organization. The potency of the name "Ku Klux Klan" was not wholly in the impression made by it on the public, but the members of the Ku Klux Klan themselves first felt its mysterious power, and realized that through this means they might accomplish something towards alleviating the distress then prevalent in their community. Yet their dominant idea was amusement, based on secrecy and mystery. <<1
The shroud of mystery proved infectious far beyond this group of six and loose adjunct chapters were started around the region. Into these chapters crept a lawless vigilante element that had been mustering in the defeated South, usually also started by Confederate veterans, at first ostensibly a "protective" force but in practice increasingly a terroristic one, in effect insurgents bent on continuing the War, or at least driving out what it saw as an occupying army.

Though officially disbanded in 1869 specifically because of this lawlessness, this same vigilante element ignored the order and continued its terrorism well into the 1870s, organized or not, until the Klan was extinguished by the middle of that decade.

This Ku Klux Klan had lasted less than a dozen years and would have been relegated to the footnotes of history along with the White League, Knights of the White Camellia and other such postwar movements, had it not been for a Georgia salesman and opportunist named William Simmons who, exactly fifty years later, saw a get-rich-quick opportunity in the wake of the stir created by the racist film "Birth of a Nation", which romanticized and whitewashed the old Klan stories. On Thanksgiving Day 1915 Simmons took some followers up Stone Mountain and rekindled the Klan, taking the trouble to acquire a charter from the State of Georgia (and set up a scheme to sell and market memberships, making sure he got a cut of each one).

Simmons saw dollar signs in the national fear of foreigners and immigrants, his new Klan reiteration targeting these newcomers, largely Eastern European, along with labor unions, Catholics, Jews, blacks and any other non-WASP minority, as well as communists, "loose" women, and alcohol (his KKK was firmly behind the Temperance movement and 18th Amendment) -- even though Simmons himself was known to imbibe in these vices. Simmons would hire marketing consultants to exploit these national fears, greatly expanding the Klan far beyond the former geographical and ideological boundaries of the South, to the point where at one point an estimated one-third of the entire male population of Indiana was counted in its members.

Most of our experience of Klan activity, and virtually all of the photographic evidence, derives from Simmons' second (1915) iteration, as does the cross-burning imagery (which was taken from the film, not from history). But ultimately it derives from six bored young guys looking for something to do in a small town, 150 years ago today.

The building at 205 West Madison was marked with a plaque by the Daughters of the Confederacy in 1917, listing the names of the group's founders, apparently feeling Pulaski was snubbed by not being mentioned in Birth of a Nation. In 1990 the building's new owner Don Massey2 turned the plaque backwards and re-bolted it to the brick, so that it now shows nothing but blank.


1 - description quoted from "Authentic History [of the] Ku Klux Klan 1865-1877" by Susan Lawrence Davis
2- Article, Augusta Chronicle 1/20/97


*THERE* is your authentic history. Please to either (a) find me any reference to politics, politicians, or political parties; or (b) bite my ass.


Got more. Just ask.
You can run and hide all you like....educated people know better.....
 
On Dec. 24, 1865, Democrats in the American South formed the Ku Klux Klan as a means of keeping uppity blacks in their place.

WRONG.

In Pulaski, Tennessee, a group of Confederate veterans convenes to form a secret society that they christen the “Ku Klux Klan.” The KKK rapidly grew from a secret social fraternity to a paramilitary force

RIGHT.

Oh look. Same post, shooting itself in the foot.

There's more available too.

>> Six well-educated Confederate veterans from Pulaski, Tennessee, created the original Ku Klux Klan on December 24, 1865, during Reconstruction of the South after the Civil War. << (here)​

More?

>> The original Ku Klux Klan was created in an 1865 meeting in a law office by six Confederate veterans in Pulaski, Tennessee. It was, at first, a humorous social club centering on practical jokes and hazing rituals. From 1866 to 1867, various local units began breaking up black prayer meetings and invading black homes at night to steal firearms. Some of these activities may have been modeled on previous Tennessee vigilante groups such as the Yellow Jackets and Redcaps. <<--- History of the Ku Klux Klan
More?

>> The first Klan was created by six men from Pulaski Tennessee, in the image of other secret societies of the day. The hierarchical organization with local chapters housed under a national umbressa [sic] structure.

... History and context:

The first KKK was formed in the American South at the end of the civil war, when the victorious Union government imposed a version of martial law on the south and began to enforce laws designed to end segregation against black citizens. When a constitutional amendment granted black men the right to vote in 1870, the group turned to intimidation and violence to try to halt de-segregation. << --- Terrorism: About.com
More?

>> The original Ku Klux Klan was organized by ex-Confederate elements to oppose the Reconstruction policies of the radical Republican Congress and to maintain "white supremacy." After the Civil War, when local government in the South was weak or nonexistent and there were fears of black outrages and even of an insurrection, informal vigilante organizations or armed patrols were formed in almost all communities. These were linked together in societies, such as the Men of Justice, the Pale Faces, the Constitutional Union Guards, the White Brotherhood, and the Order of the White Rose. The Ku Klux Klan was the best known of these, and in time it absorbed many of the smaller organizations. << -- Infoplease.
NOW how much would you pay?

>> The 19th-century Klan was originally organized as a social club by Confederate veterans in Pulaski, Tenn., in 1866. They apparently derived the name from the Greek word kyklos, from which comes the English circle; Klan; was added for the sake of alliteration and Ku Klux Klan emerged. The organization quickly became a vehicle for Southern white underground resistance to Radical Reconstruction. Klan members sought the restoration of white supremacy through intimidation and violence aimed at the newly enfranchised black freedmen. A similar organization, the Knights of the White Camelia, began in Louisiana in 1867. << -- Encyclopedia Brittanica
Now then ---
WHERE do you see anything there about 'political parties'?

Your source?
You democrat klansmen are a special type of stupid....sadly, you won't go away....

What's that? You still want more? Fair enough, can do.

A reprise of post 205:

Here's my OP from This Day in History from a year ago:

In a small town in the devastated South, ravaged by war, impoverished and with gainful employment and any sense of normalcy elusive, six young men, veterans of the defeated Confederate Army, met in the law office of Judge Thomas M. Jones at 205 West Madison Street.

>> They had lost all their property, there were no business prospects for them at the time; it was Christmas Eve and their town was saddened not only by the wreckage of Civil War, but by the visitation of a cyclone which had killed and injured many of its inhabitants and destroyed many homes; yet, the spirit of youth could not be conquered.... . One of these young men, Captain John C. Lester, said: "Boys, let's start something to break this monotony, and to cheer up our mothers and the girls. Let's start a club of some kind."

.... Before the arrival of the next meeting one of the young men, Captain John B. Kennedy, was requested to stay in the home of Col. Thomas Martin, for its protection, while he and his family were absent from Pulaski. Captain Kennedy invited the other organizers of the club, Frank O. McCord, Calvin E. Jones, John C. Lester, Richard R. Reed and James R. Crowe, to meet him there.

During the evening the organization was perfected. Captain John B. Kennedy, on the committee to select a name mentioned one which he had considered, "Kukloi," from the Greek word "Kuklos," meaning a band or circle. James R. Crowe said "Call it Ku Klux," and no one will know what it means. John C. Lester said: "Add Klan as we are all [of] Scotch-Irish descent."

He then repeated the words: "Ku Klux Klan," the first time these words ever fell from human tongue. The weirdness of the alliteration appealed to the mysterious within them ; so the name was adopted with a feeling that they had chosen something which would excite the curiosity of their friends and carry out their idea of amusement, which, most unexpectedly to them, proved a boon to Pulaski and the South.

James R. Crowe suggested to make it more mysterious, that a costume be adopted. They then made a raid upon Mrs. Martin's linen closet and robed themselves with boyish glee in her stiff linen sheets and pillow-cases, as masquerading was a popular form of entertainment in those days. Wishing to make an impression they borrowed some horses from a near-by stable and disguised them with sheets.

They then mounted and rode through the darkness, calling at the homes of their mothers and sweethearts, without speaking a word. They rode slowly through the streets of Pulaski waving to the people and making grotesque gestures, which created merriment to the unsuperstitious, and to the superstitious, great fear.

The next day they heard many favorable comments on the unknown boys who had so paraded, having optimism enough to penetrate the gloom which had settled over this once prosperous and happy community. Aside from the amusement they had created, it was reported on the streets, that many of the idle negroes thought they had seen ghosts from the nearby battlefields, and had with haste gone back to their former masters, only too willing to work.

The trivial incident of the selection of the ghostly regalia had a most important bearing on the future of the organization. The potency of the name "Ku Klux Klan" was not wholly in the impression made by it on the public, but the members of the Ku Klux Klan themselves first felt its mysterious power, and realized that through this means they might accomplish something towards alleviating the distress then prevalent in their community. Yet their dominant idea was amusement, based on secrecy and mystery. <<1
The shroud of mystery proved infectious far beyond this group of six and loose adjunct chapters were started around the region. Into these chapters crept a lawless vigilante element that had been mustering in the defeated South, usually also started by Confederate veterans, at first ostensibly a "protective" force but in practice increasingly a terroristic one, in effect insurgents bent on continuing the War, or at least driving out what it saw as an occupying army.

Though officially disbanded in 1869 specifically because of this lawlessness, this same vigilante element ignored the order and continued its terrorism well into the 1870s, organized or not, until the Klan was extinguished by the middle of that decade.

This Ku Klux Klan had lasted less than a dozen years and would have been relegated to the footnotes of history along with the White League, Knights of the White Camellia and other such postwar movements, had it not been for a Georgia salesman and opportunist named William Simmons who, exactly fifty years later, saw a get-rich-quick opportunity in the wake of the stir created by the racist film "Birth of a Nation", which romanticized and whitewashed the old Klan stories. On Thanksgiving Day 1915 Simmons took some followers up Stone Mountain and rekindled the Klan, taking the trouble to acquire a charter from the State of Georgia (and set up a scheme to sell and market memberships, making sure he got a cut of each one).

Simmons saw dollar signs in the national fear of foreigners and immigrants, his new Klan reiteration targeting these newcomers, largely Eastern European, along with labor unions, Catholics, Jews, blacks and any other non-WASP minority, as well as communists, "loose" women, and alcohol (his KKK was firmly behind the Temperance movement and 18th Amendment) -- even though Simmons himself was known to imbibe in these vices. Simmons would hire marketing consultants to exploit these national fears, greatly expanding the Klan far beyond the former geographical and ideological boundaries of the South, to the point where at one point an estimated one-third of the entire male population of Indiana was counted in its members.

Most of our experience of Klan activity, and virtually all of the photographic evidence, derives from Simmons' second (1915) iteration, as does the cross-burning imagery (which was taken from the film, not from history). But ultimately it derives from six bored young guys looking for something to do in a small town, 150 years ago today.

The building at 205 West Madison was marked with a plaque by the Daughters of the Confederacy in 1917, listing the names of the group's founders, apparently feeling Pulaski was snubbed by not being mentioned in Birth of a Nation. In 1990 the building's new owner Don Massey2 turned the plaque backwards and re-bolted it to the brick, so that it now shows nothing but blank.


1 - description quoted from "Authentic History [of the] Ku Klux Klan 1865-1877" by Susan Lawrence Davis
2- Article, Augusta Chronicle 1/20/97


*THERE* is your authentic history. Please to either (a) find me any reference to politics, politicians, or political parties; or (b) bite my ass.


Got more. Just ask.
You can run and hide all you like....educated people know better.....

As if you know what educate people know.

All you know is what you are fed by WND and Stormfront.
 
Republican + democrat are just titles .

Think conservatives and liberals. That has never changed .

Fast forward to today . As anyone who has. Confederate flag flying outside their home what party they belong too. The answer won't be "democrat" !!!
Nor do Democrats put the Constitution and due process for citizens BEFORE partisan agenda. Timmy you won't find Democrats waving copies of the Declaration of Independence or the Constitution, but rainbow flags putting the beliefs of some people over the beliefs of others, while at the same time denouncing if Christians push their beliefs into public policy. It's only a constitutional violation if *Christians* do that, but LGBT can push THOSE relative beliefs on everyone else and penalize them for not complying. Because LIBERAL partisan beliefs are "more important" than Constitutional principles that protect everyone's beliefs equally. Conservative beliefs don't count, only liberal beliefs. To them the rainbow flag is a more important symbol than the US flag. Transgender bathroom policies should be worshipped and followed blindly, where anyone who questions security concerns for anatomical men using girls restrooms is attacked as a "bigot"; so LGBT creeds should come first over any other beliefs, and adopted by all people even while refusing to stand for the national anthem or to salute the flag " which should remain a free choice to reject." But not bathroom policies or free choice whether to believe and recognize gay marriage or not. only Liberals have the right to impose beliefs on the nation, but nobody else can or it violates "separation of church and state." Liberals are the exception because secular BELIEFS "don't count as imposing religion" so its legal for them and illegal for any other beliefs!

How do you think the ACA mandates got passed that deprive citizens of free choice? Only because Democrats in Congress voted for federal govt over personal free choice, and and a Democrat President endorsed it. Had a Republican President forced this bill, that requires citizens to pay to join Christian health ministries to be exempted from tax penalties, the liberals would have screamed for individual free choice. But as long as Democrats push partisan agenda, that trumps the Constitution and becomes the law of the land.

How many Constitutionalists are Democrats? I am one and can't find others. The other Democrats i know put party platform first before the Constitution. Why is that?

ACA is a tax penalty . Just like not having kids is a tax penalty .

Republicans wipe their ass wh any right that is not the 2nd amendment .

Why do you think they hate the ACLU , the greatest defender of our civil rights ?
Excuse me Timmy but its not just a matter of "not getting a tax credit or deduction"

The penalty is an ADDED cost taken OUT of income.

No one is REQUIRED to enroll into a govt program to try to regulate the costs of kids.
But all citizens are required either to enroll in federal exchanges even to apply for hardship exemptions, or to PAY to join a religious health share ministry, or BUY a private service to avoid being punished with a tax fine.

The set up you propose is what some Republicans offered as a reform -- to make it TAX Deductible so it isn't adding a cost that is deducted from income as a penalty paid to govt ON TOP.

Right now, it IS an ADDITIONAL fine!
It is not an optional deduction.
 
On Dec. 24, 1865, Democrats in the American South formed the Ku Klux Klan as a means of keeing uppity blacks in their place. They attacked the blacks, and any white Republicans who defended or support them, lynching and killing them when possible. Democrat support for, and membership in, the KKK continues to this day, with theDemocrat attacking, insulting, and pillorying blacks who dared to espouse viewpoints the Democrats disagree with.

-----------------------------------------------------------

KKK founded - Dec 24, 1865 - HISTORY.com

151 years ago KKK founded
December 24, 2016


In Pulaski, Tennessee, a group of Confederate veterans convenes to form a secret society that they christen the “Ku Klux Klan.” The KKK rapidly grew from a secret social fraternity to a paramilitary force bent on reversing the federal government’s progressive Reconstruction Era-activities in the South, especially policies that elevated the rights of the local African American population.

The name of the Ku Klux Klan was derived from the Greek word kyklos, meaning “circle,” and the Scottish-Gaelic word “clan,” which was probably chosen for the sake of alliteration. Under a platform of philosophized white racial superiority, the group employed violence as a means of pushing back Reconstruction and its enfranchisement of African Americans. Former Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest was the KKK’s first grand wizard; in 1869, he unsuccessfully tried to disband it after he grew critical of the Klan’s excessive violence.

Most prominent in counties where the races were relatively balanced, the KKK engaged in terrorist raids against African Americans and white Republicans at night, employing intimidation, destruction of property, assault, and murder to achieve its aims and influence upcoming elections. In a few Southern states, Republicans organized militia units to break up the Klan. In 1871, the Ku Klux Act passed Congress, authorizing President Ulysses S. Grant to use military force to suppress the KKK. The Ku Klux Act resulted in nine South Carolina counties being placed under martial law and thousands of arrests.

By the way . Polaski Tenn. 2012 voting results

Romney 64%
Obama. 35%

Can we be done with this "republicans freed the slaves " bullshit ?
These knuckle dragging RW conservatives just can't grasp the fact that liberals freed the slaves not conservatives. Conservatives OWN the KKK and all the continuing violence and suppression of civil liberties associated with them till this very day! I don't care what party they are affiliated with. In any era,racist and bigotry is the realm of conservative ideology while tolerance and respect for all of humanity is a cornerstone of liberalism.
Dear JQPublic1
1. I have found worse hypocrisy among the left-- rejecting diversity of beliefs, thus contradicting inclusion and tolerance, and violating free choice by forcing mandates through federal govt that violate due process and deprive citizens of liberty.
2. On the right, yes, I have caught many who claim to respect religious freedom under the Constitution deny equal protections for Muslim beliefs by assuming the connection with Jihadist and terrorists. But with issues like
3. Right to life and right to health care, the LEFT has now done more to penalize free choice with federal mandates. And with Beliefs on both sides of the marriage issues, BOTH sides are equally guilty of pushing their beliefs through govt to threaten the other!

So its at least even on that score.
Neither party respects the beliefs of the other but both push to impose their own. Both are guilty of violating equal civil rights of people of other beliefs!
 
Republican + democrat are just titles .

Think conservatives and liberals. That has never changed .

Fast forward to today . As anyone who has. Confederate flag flying outside their home what party they belong too. The answer won't be "democrat" !!!
Nor do Democrats put the Constitution and due process for citizens BEFORE partisan agenda. Timmy you won't find Democrats waving copies of the Declaration of Independence or the Constitution, but rainbow flags putting the beliefs of some people over the beliefs of others, while at the same time denouncing if Christians push their beliefs into public policy. It's only a constitutional violation if *Christians* do that, but LGBT can push THOSE relative beliefs on everyone else and penalize them for not complying. Because LIBERAL partisan beliefs are "more important" than Constitutional principles that protect everyone's beliefs equally. Conservative beliefs don't count, only liberal beliefs. To them the rainbow flag is a more important symbol than the US flag. Transgender bathroom policies should be worshipped and followed blindly, where anyone who questions security concerns for anatomical men using girls restrooms is attacked as a "bigot"; so LGBT creeds should come first over any other beliefs, and adopted by all people even while refusing to stand for the national anthem or to salute the flag " which should remain a free choice to reject." But not bathroom policies or free choice whether to believe and recognize gay marriage or not. only Liberals have the right to impose beliefs on the nation, but nobody else can or it violates "separation of church and state." Liberals are the exception because secular BELIEFS "don't count as imposing religion" so its legal for them and illegal for any other beliefs!

How do you think the ACA mandates got passed that deprive citizens of free choice? Only because Democrats in Congress voted for federal govt over personal free choice, and and a Democrat President endorsed it. Had a Republican President forced this bill, that requires citizens to pay to join Christian health ministries to be exempted from tax penalties, the liberals would have screamed for individual free choice. But as long as Democrats push partisan agenda, that trumps the Constitution and becomes the law of the land.

How many Constitutionalists are Democrats? I am one and can't find others. The other Democrats i know put party platform first before the Constitution. Why is that?



Why do you think they hate the ACLU , the greatest defender of our civil rights ?


:ack-1: :lmao:

Thanks for proving my point .

Tell me . Who fights for our civil rights ?
Dear Timmy the leftwing agenda fights for rights from that side, thus the ACLU is biased in defending Atheists but not Christians for example.
The rightwing fight for rights from that side, thus the ACLJ fights to defend rights of Christians the left is biased against.

Both sides will say they are fighting for civil rights.

The problem Timmy is political groups lobbying to push their agenda "through govt" to protect their interests and beliefs "at the expense of people of other beliefs."

If our govt was neutral and equally Constitutional protective and inclusive of BOTH sides beliefs, we d have fair policies that respect BOTH and violate NEITHER. But as long as both parties push THEIR beliefs through govt, they both take turns violating or threatening to violate each others beliefs and then have to fight to defend theirs against backlash the other way. So they both fight endlessly to defend their civil rights both blaming the other side!
 

Thanks for proving my point .

...






Yeah, and McDonalds is the greatest advocate against obesity.

Then you tell me. Who is the greatest advocates of our civil rights?

Nra has the 2nd covered . But what about the rest of our rights .


What is your nationality?

American. Now answer my question .

Funny how the righties in this place can never answer a direct question .

Who fights for our civil rights ?

Here, I'll answer it for you . The ACLU . That's why I am a member . I don't understand why the right is so anti ACLU, and then have the nerve to say they are "for the rights of Americans " .
Dear Timmy
Your answer is not only onesided but elitist.
1. Not only do you leave out civil rights for Christians who have to turn to the ACLJ to get help to restore rights lost to liberal attacks and overreaching agenda pushed through govt
2. But you sadly leave out Blacks and minorities sold out and never getting help from ACLU. Why? Because when Democrats especially Blacks are responsible for civil rights violations and abuses, the left remains silent. We can't get help. The elitist liberal establishments and especially legal lobbies will sell out the poor and only represent cases they can blame politically on the rightwing for points and funding ! When the abuse comes from the left, its like INCEST. Nobody wants to admit or confront it.

Shame on you Timmy

The rightwing are more open to expose the sellouts in their party. But the left have been silenced by elitists who dominate and only push what is popular for political points.

Don't tell me you don't know this is going on. Hate to burst your bubble, but the Black Democrats have been exploiting pimping and destroying the black communities for votes and selling them down the river historically. Clinton censoring the Sanders progressives was the most media coverage I've seen for the "political slavery" going on with the D party since the generations I've known experienced activists who've told me firsthand, and yes these are old school Democrats and progressives complaining about the party getting hijacked by elitism.

Been that way, and Sanders was the first sign of any of this incestuous exploitation of minority voters finally going public!
 
On Dec. 24, 1865, Democrats in the American South formed the Ku Klux Klan as a means of keeing uppity blacks in their place. They attacked the blacks, and any white Republicans who defended or support them, lynching and killing them when possible. Democrat support for, and membership in, the KKK continues to this day, with theDemocrat attacking, insulting, and pillorying blacks who dared to espouse viewpoints the Democrats disagree with.

-----------------------------------------------------------

KKK founded - Dec 24, 1865 - HISTORY.com

151 years ago KKK founded
December 24, 2016


In Pulaski, Tennessee, a group of Confederate veterans convenes to form a secret society that they christen the “Ku Klux Klan.” The KKK rapidly grew from a secret social fraternity to a paramilitary force bent on reversing the federal government’s progressive Reconstruction Era-activities in the South, especially policies that elevated the rights of the local African American population.

The name of the Ku Klux Klan was derived from the Greek word kyklos, meaning “circle,” and the Scottish-Gaelic word “clan,” which was probably chosen for the sake of alliteration. Under a platform of philosophized white racial superiority, the group employed violence as a means of pushing back Reconstruction and its enfranchisement of African Americans. Former Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest was the KKK’s first grand wizard; in 1869, he unsuccessfully tried to disband it after he grew critical of the Klan’s excessive violence.

Most prominent in counties where the races were relatively balanced, the KKK engaged in terrorist raids against African Americans and white Republicans at night, employing intimidation, destruction of property, assault, and murder to achieve its aims and influence upcoming elections. In a few Southern states, Republicans organized militia units to break up the Klan. In 1871, the Ku Klux Act passed Congress, authorizing President Ulysses S. Grant to use military force to suppress the KKK. The Ku Klux Act resulted in nine South Carolina counties being placed under martial law and thousands of arrests.

By the way . Polaski Tenn. 2012 voting results

Romney 64%
Obama. 35%

Can we be done with this "republicans freed the slaves " bullshit ?
These knuckle dragging RW conservatives just can't grasp the fact that liberals freed the slaves not conservatives. Conservatives OWN the KKK and all the continuing violence and suppression of civil liberties associated with them till this very day! I don't care what party they are affiliated with. In any era,racist and bigotry is the realm of conservative ideology while tolerance and respect for all of humanity is a cornerstone of liberalism.
Dear JQPublic1
1. I have found worse hypocrisy among the left-- rejecting diversity of beliefs, thus contradicting inclusion and tolerance, and violating free choice by forcing mandates through federal govt that violate due process and deprive citizens of liberty.
2. On the right, yes, I have caught many who claim to respect religious freedom under the Constitution deny equal protections for Muslim beliefs by assuming the connection with Jihadist and terrorists. But with issues like
3. Right to life and right to health care, the LEFT has now done more to penalize free choice with federal mandates. And with Beliefs on both sides of the marriage issues, BOTH sides are equally guilty of pushing their beliefs through govt to threaten the other!

So its at least even on that score.
Neither party respects the beliefs of the other but both push to impose their own. Both are guilty of violating equal civil rights of people of other beliefs!

I need a clarification of your notion regarding the left "rejecting diversity of beliefs."I'll step out on a limb and assume you are referring to the PPACA mandate as an example of that.
I respectfully disagree, mainly because I don't see a contradiction of inclusion and tolerance. The PPACA , in FACT is a paragon of inclusiveness. By its very nature the PPACA is inclusive.
Tolerance? Well you may have some modicum of a point there. Free loaders, who normally get free health care in the ER after a traffic accident or bar fight, are forced to contribute in one of two ways: either by signing up for a plan or by paying a penalty. I believe that type of intolerance is necessary for the greater common good.

But lets not lose sight of the conservative ownership of the KKK. To me that sin is far worse than any liberal mandate that I know of.
 
And what has been the Republican record since 1964?

In 1983, 112 federal lawmakers—90 representatives (77 Republicans, 13 Democrats) and 22 senators (18 Republicans, 4 Democrats) voted against commemorating Martin Luther King Jr.’s legacy with a federal holiday on the third Monday in January.
Steve Scalise and other Republicans' anti-MLK Day votes under scrutiny

6 times as many Republicans voted against MLK Jr. Day than Democrats did.

A handful of other notable Republican opponents of the holiday during its multiple-year evolution from concept to reality include: President Ronald Reagan, although he did sign it when it arrived on his desk with a veto-proof majority; former Vice President Dick Cheney, who voted against the bill in 1978, but voted for it in 1983; and former Texas Congressman Ron Paul, who was another nay vote in 1983.
Dear Syriusly
You DO understand that relying on Govt for civil rights recognition is Relative:

That to Conservatives relying on govt to give or take rights away is a Step Backwards towards more slavery at the hands of central govt.

And to Liberals its considered progress to get rights passed by laws or rulings through govt.

Both sides use laws in opposite ways.
Liberals depend on govt to establish the collective will of the people and try to impose that using govt as the central default source.

While conservatives see the source of human rights free will and empowerment as coming from Nature or God as the default source of liberty. And laws in the Constitution were designed to LIMIT govt from Taking Away "free choice" or civil liberties that belong to people by default!

So both sides fear the other approach as taking freedom away.

Its an endless tug of war.

Both sides use govt for the opposite.
There will not be peace and equal justice unless both sides agree only to pass laws through govt both sides agree with.or they both accuse the other of passing agenda that abuses govt to favor the interest of one side over the other.
 
3a44195r.jpg


Note the scumbag in the upper right-hand corner.
k
Democrats proposed the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
A majority of Democrats voted for the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
A Democrat signed the 1964 Civil Rights Act into law.

Who opposed the 1964 Civil Rights Act?
The 1964 GOP Presidential candidate Barry Goldwater.
President Ronald Reagan
President George Bush
“These Negroes, they’re getting pretty uppity these days and that’s a problem for us since they’ve got something now they never had before, the political pull to back up their uppityness. Now we’ve got to do something about this, we’ve got to give them a little something, just enough to quiet them down, not enough to make a difference. For if we don’t move at all, then their allies will line up against us and there’ll be no way of stopping them, we’ll lose the filibuster and there’ll be no way of putting a brake on all sorts of wild legislation. It’ll be Reconstruction all over again.”

Lyndon Johnson

The Democratic Party's Two-Facedness of Race Relations | Huffington Post

Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson III, By Robert A. Caro, p662

That's LBJ supposedly speaking to Richard Russell, a Southern segregationist, code-switching to get his point across, about the 1957 civil rights bill. He did that a lot -- even to the point of pronouncing the word "negro" differently to different Southerners to match their own dialect. That's the same 1957 bill that I alluded to a few posts up, where LBJ earned charges of "betrayal" from his fellow Southerners yet got the bill passed after cajoling them and came up personally at least smelling like a rose even if it was at their expense.
According to Malcolm X, LBJ and Richard "Dickie" Russell were best friends and LBJ could have ended it anytime he wanted. Are you calling Malcolm X a liar? I can show you transcribed tape recordings where they end conversations saying that they love each other. You must be the biggest racist in the world to be such a blatant liar to deny your racist piece of shit heritage. The Democratic Party was founded on slavery, racism and segregation. The Democratic Party founded the KKK for the express purpose to taking back the state houses of the south after the Civil War through terror and intimidation. Stop denying the truth about your racist Democratic heritage, you racist piece of shit. Stop lying to black people just to keep them voting for your racist party. C'mon Pogo, say it with me... black lives matter.

 
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