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There is no evidence whatsoever that the Constitution was made to be interpreted according the arguments of Hamilton, Madison and Jay. However, there is an abundance of evidence that it was made to be interpreted by applying well established common law rules of construction.The Federalist Papers represent the arguments, Hamilton, Madison, and Jay
The Court should apply the well established common law rules of construction to ascertain the will of the men who made the Constitution.They are used by the Court to help define intent.
Dude, trying to interpret the Constitution according to a "deep understanding of the Philosophy of the framers throws" merely opens wide the door for subjective interpretations.When seeking reason or thought behind a term or phrase, it is not impossible to get deeper understanding of the Philosophy of the framers from the more extensive and comprehensive texts.
<a href="/ammem/amlaw/lwsj.html">Senate Journal</a> --WEDNESDAY, APRIL 22, 1789.
Also worth a look or three.
And of note there is also: <a href="/ammem/amlaw/lwsj.html">Senate Journal</a> --SATURDAY, APRIL 25, 1789. (Note: The Senate elected its first Chaplain BEFORE President Washington was sworn in!)
The First Congress elected Chaplains. But, never assigned them the duty to open each daily session with a prayer.
If you're taking about the U. S. Congress, that's a myth, dude. The myth is based on a lie, or at least an untruth, told by a Supreme Court Justice in a bogus opinion he wrote.
Here's the entry from the Journal of the Senate of the United States of America for MONDAY, JUNE 14, 1790:
As you can see, there is no mention of an opening prayer. There is no mention of opening prayer in the records of either the Senate or the House until the mid 1850's.
If you're talking about the Continental Congress, it prayed only once a year most of the time. It established daily prayer in 1777, but it was terminated after four weeks. After the War with Britain ended, there were a couple years with no prayer whatsoever.
Could you Possibly be any More Ignorant of Historical Fact?...
Below is a speech recorded by James Madison and purported to have been made by Benjamin Franklin at the Constitutional Convention on June 28, 1787:
"The small progress we have made after four or five weeks close attendance & continual reasonings with each other---our different sentiments on almost every question, several of the last producing as many noes as ays, is methinks a melancholy proof of the imperfection of the Human Understanding. We indeed seem to feel our own want of political wisdom, since we have been running about in search of it. We have gone back to ancient history for models of Government, and examined the different forms of those Republics which having been formed with the seeds of their own dissolution now no longer exist. And we have viewed Modern States all round Europe, but find none of their Constitutions suitable to our circumstances.
In this situation of this Assembly, groping as it were in the dark to find political truth, and scarce able to distinguish it when presented to us, how has it happened, Sir, that we have not hitherto once thought of humbly applying to the Father of lights to illuminate our understandings? In the beginning of the Contest with Great Britain, when we were sensible of danger we had daily prayer in this room for the divine protection. Our prayers, Sir, were heard, & they were graciously answered. All of us who were engaged in the struggle must have observed frequent instances of a superintending providence in our favor. To that kind providence we owe this happy opportunity of consulting in peace on the means of establishing our future national felicity. And have we now forgotten that powerful friend? Or do we imagine that we no longer need his assistance?
I have lived, Sir, a long time, and the longer I live, the more convincing proof I see of this truth that God Governs in the affairs of men. And if a sparrow cannot fall to the ground without his notice, is it probable that an empire can rise without his aid? We have been assured, Sir, in the sacred writings, that "except the Lord build the House they labour in vain that build it." I firmly believe this; and I also believe that without his concurring aid we shall succeed in this political building no better, than the Builders of Babel: We shall be divided by our little partial local interests; our projects will be confounded, and we ourselves shall become a reproach and bye word down to future ages. And what is worse, mankind may hereafter from this unfortunate instance, despair of establishing Governments by Human wisdom and leave it to chance, war and conquest.
I therefore beg leave to move-that henceforth prayers imploring the assistance of Heaven, and its blessings on our deliberations, be held in this Assembly every morning before we proceed to business, and that one or more of the Clergy of this City be requested to officiate in that Service."
The Congressional Prayer Caucus - Prayer in Congress
peace...
The Convention rejected the motion for a daily prayer.
Wow. That lie goes against all history taught about the Pilgrims.WHO did the persecuting is totally besides the point.Separation of church and state came about because of persecution of Christians...
...by other Christians.
The fact of the matter is they ran to this continent seeking refuge from Religious Persecution...not to open up a shoe cobbling business (as SOME would have you believe).
The Pilgrims were never persecuted for their religion and their leader said they immigrated to America for economic reasons.
for anyone that missed the full exchange and thinks O'Donnell was taken out of context, watch the video at this link
Christine O'Donnell's church and state gaffe makes voters laugh | World news | The Guardian
)shes still a step ahead of you, MORONfor anyone that missed the full exchange and thinks O'Donnell was taken out of context, watch the video at this link
Christine O'Donnell's church and state gaffe makes voters laugh | World news | The GuardianWhew!!!!
Shouldn't she be more concerned about putting-together a resume?????
(Maybe somebody should remind her "hu$tler" isn't advisable, as past-experience.
shes still a step ahead of you, MORONfor anyone that missed the full exchange and thinks O'Donnell was taken out of context, watch the video at this link
Christine O'Donnell's church and state gaffe makes voters laugh | World news | The GuardianWhew!!!!
Shouldn't she be more concerned about putting-together a resume?????
(Maybe somebody should remind her "hu$tler" isn't advisable, as past-experience.
thanks for admitting that is your end goalshes still a step ahead of you, MORONWhew!!!!
Shouldn't she be more concerned about putting-together a resume?????
(Maybe somebody should remind her "hu$tler" isn't advisable, as past-experience.
....Towards the Graystone Hotel, maybe.
thanks for admitting that is your end goalshes still a step ahead of you, MORON
....Towards the Graystone Hotel, maybe.
point taken LOLthanks for admitting that is your end goal....Towards the Graystone Hotel, maybe.
End goal? I thought he was taking a picture from his C-Block Dorm window.
He was wrong about slavery, too."It is the duty of all nations to acknowledge the providences of almighty God, to obey his will, to be grateful for his benefits, and humbly implore his protection and his favor." -George Washington
He was wrong about slavery, too."It is the duty of all nations to acknowledge the providences of almighty God, to obey his will, to be grateful for his benefits, and humbly implore his protection and his favor." -George Washington
Like I said, he was wrong about slavery as well. Good to know he changed his mind but sad to know he didn't do anything about it in public.He was wrong about slavery, too."It is the duty of all nations to acknowledge the providences of almighty God, to obey his will, to be grateful for his benefits, and humbly implore his protection and his favor." -George Washington
George Washington's attitude toward slavery changed as he grew older. During the Revolution, as he and fellow patriots strove for liberty, Washington became increasingly conscious of the contradiction between this struggle and the system of slavery. By the time of his presidency, he seems to have believed that slavery was wrong and against the principles of the new nation.
As President, Washington did not lead a public fight against slavery, however, because he believed it would tear the new nation apart. Abolition had many opponents, especially in the South. Washington seems to have feared that if he took such a public stand, the southern states would withdraw from the Union (something they would do seventy years later, leading to the Civil War). He had worked too hard to build the country to risk tearing it apart.
Privately, however, Washington could -- and did -- lead by example. In his will, he arranged for all of the slaves he owned to be freed after the death of his wife, Martha. He also left instructions for the continued care and education of some of his former slaves, support and training for all of the children until they came of age, and continuing support for the elderly.
George Washington's Mount Vernon - George Washington and Slavery
Anything else?
Like I said, he was wrong about slavery as well. Good to know he changed his mind but sad to know he didn't do anything about it in public.He was wrong about slavery, too.
George Washington's attitude toward slavery changed as he grew older. During the Revolution, as he and fellow patriots strove for liberty, Washington became increasingly conscious of the contradiction between this struggle and the system of slavery. By the time of his presidency, he seems to have believed that slavery was wrong and against the principles of the new nation.
As President, Washington did not lead a public fight against slavery, however, because he believed it would tear the new nation apart. Abolition had many opponents, especially in the South. Washington seems to have feared that if he took such a public stand, the southern states would withdraw from the Union (something they would do seventy years later, leading to the Civil War). He had worked too hard to build the country to risk tearing it apart.
Privately, however, Washington could -- and did -- lead by example. In his will, he arranged for all of the slaves he owned to be freed after the death of his wife, Martha. He also left instructions for the continued care and education of some of his former slaves, support and training for all of the children until they came of age, and continuing support for the elderly.
George Washington's Mount Vernon - George Washington and Slavery
Anything else?
All the heroes have feet of clay.
I don't hold it against him. In fact, I think our country is pretty awesome, warts and all. What amuses me is that so many have to hide the warts in order to believe that our country is good.Like I said, he was wrong about slavery as well. Good to know he changed his mind but sad to know he didn't do anything about it in public.George Washington's attitude toward slavery changed as he grew older. During the Revolution, as he and fellow patriots strove for liberty, Washington became increasingly conscious of the contradiction between this struggle and the system of slavery. By the time of his presidency, he seems to have believed that slavery was wrong and against the principles of the new nation.
As President, Washington did not lead a public fight against slavery, however, because he believed it would tear the new nation apart. Abolition had many opponents, especially in the South. Washington seems to have feared that if he took such a public stand, the southern states would withdraw from the Union (something they would do seventy years later, leading to the Civil War). He had worked too hard to build the country to risk tearing it apart.
Privately, however, Washington could -- and did -- lead by example. In his will, he arranged for all of the slaves he owned to be freed after the death of his wife, Martha. He also left instructions for the continued care and education of some of his former slaves, support and training for all of the children until they came of age, and continuing support for the elderly.
George Washington's Mount Vernon - George Washington and Slavery
Anything else?
All the heroes have feet of clay.
so if you were the only person holding a new nation together, to prevent tens of thousands of lives from being lost in civil discourse, you would choose to speak publicly, not even knowing 100% that you would accomplish anything and risk civil war? Slavery sucked but getting rid of it had to be postponed as the new United States was much too fragile. The timing wasn't right...and unfortunately the timing was never right as history has shown us...(by this I mean a time to peacefully end the institution of slavery. Maybe he knew war was inevitable some day...I believe so.)
He did lead by example privately however. I believe he should be forgiven for he did all he could to atone while simultaneously keeping the USA one nation.
for anyone that missed the full exchange and thinks O'Donnell was taken out of context, watch the video at this link
Christine O'Donnell's church and state gaffe makes voters laugh | World news | The Guardian
