Picture Album Of Pakistan

keyboardwarrior · Feb 23, 2014

University of Lahore,Pakistan

The University of Lahore (or UOL) was founded in 1999, by Mr M.A Raoof, under the auspices of the Ibadat Education Trust. UOL was granted degree awarding status in 2002. It is one of the private sector Universities of Pakistan with diverse disciplines ranging from Medicine and Engineering to the Arts and Social Sciences. It is accredited by the Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC), Pakistan Bar Council, Pakistan Medical and Dental Council and Pharmacy Council of Pakistan.

Introduction

The University of Lahore (UOL) has three campuses in Lahore, two campuses in Islamabad, one campus in Sargodha and Gujrat. The two campuses have a total constructed area of 650,000 sq. ft.

The university has a central library at Raiwind Road and libraries for the Lahore Business School and the Faculty of Medicine at the Defence Road Campus. All undergraduate programs run at the UOL, are recognized by the Higher Education Commission (HEC), the government regulatory body, in Pakistan. The university also has courses accredited by the Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC), Pharmacy Council of Pakistan, Pakistan Bar Council and Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC) respectively.
The university has also achieved the highest ranking ('w' ranking) with the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan. The university is ranked among the top 500 universities of the world (QS 2005, 2006, 2007 & 2008),[2] top 600 universities of the world (QS 2009, 2010, 2011)[3] and Asian top 300 universities (QS 2012).

International collaborations

The University of Lahore has partnerships with these universities: Cambridge University and Imperial College London in the UK, Wayne State University and Western Michigan University in the USA, Yeditepe University Istanbul in Turkey, Sargodha University Pakistan, National Center for Physics, Quaid-e-Azam University, Institute of Advance Dental Science & Research (IADSR) and Lahore College for Women University in Pakistan, Sudan University of Science And Technology Khartoum and National Rabat University Khartoum in Sudan, Mahasarakham University in Thailand and Eastern Mediterranean University Northern Cyprus.

International students

The university welcomes international students from other countries for whom seats are allocated in various programs of studies. In the recent years it has attracted students from Canada, Turkey, Palestine, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Uganda, Sudan, and have a Latin American branch in Peru and Bolivia.

The UOL hostels are for only girls. Separate hostels for boys have a with limited capacity are also provided outside the university. Separate hostels exist for foreigners.

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keyboardwarrior · Feb 23, 2014

Contd ...

Arm Wrestling Lol .... :haha:

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keyboardwarrior · Mar 6, 2014

Saidpur, Islamabad , Pakistan

Saidpur is a Mughal-era village on the slopes of the Margalla Hills and located off the Hill Road to the east of Daman-e-Koh in Islamabad. The village has the footprints of various civilizations, including Gandhara, Greek, Buddhist, Mughal, Ashoka and the colonial periods, and now serving as a popular recreational spot for both local and foreign visitors.

History

Saidpur is named after Sultan Said Khan, son of Sultan Sarang Khan, the Gakhar chief of the Pothohar region (who ruled from Attock to Jehlum) during the reign of the Mughal Emperor Babur.

Said Khan gifted Saidpur village to his daughter who was married to Mughal emperor Jahangir son of Mughal emperor Akbar. Jahangir's memoir, Tuzk-e-Jahangiri mentions him residing at a place “beyond Rawalpindi”, on his way to Kabul, which is believed to be Saidpur.

Saidpur was considered a garden resort and a perpetual spring provided water for drinking and for watering gardens around during the Mughal period.

The village was converted into a place of Hindu worship by a Hindu commander, Raja Man Singh. He constructed a number of small ponds: Rama kunda, Sita kunda, Lakshaman kunda, and Hanuman kunda. The region is home to many Hindu temples that have been preserved; showing the history of Hindu civilisation and architecture in the region.

Remodelling of Saidpur

In 2006, the Capital Development Authority, under the leadership of Mr. Kamran Lashari, initiated the project of remodelling the Saidpur village aimed at providing the visitors with the glimpses of multi-cultural heritage flourishing under the Margalla Hills.

The government of France provided technical assistance in remodelling and a leading French architect Max Boisrobert visited the site on the invitation of Ambassador of France Mr Regis de Belenet who assured full cooperation of his country in establishing the recreational spot. Max suggested many ideas and techniques to preserve the natural impact of the village during its remodelling.

The initial cost of the project was estimated to be around 400 million rupees

Tourist attraction

In 2008, the Capital Development Authority completed the remodelling of Saidpur into a tourist attraction by giving it the look and feel of a quaint village. The key changes that have come about include the re-doing of a temple, the cleaning up of a stream running through the village and giving the mud houses a facelift. The village reflects the traditional ambience; the temple, the stones used on the walls, the stacks of hay, the horse-drawn carts and everything else depicts the history of Pothohar region.

Preserved old school building
Restaurants & Cafe's
Nomad Art Gallery
Preserved old Sufi tomb
Preserved Hindu temple & Gurdwara

keyboardwarrior · Mar 6, 2014

Supreme Court of Pakistan

The Supreme Court Building is the official and principle workplace of the Supreme Court of Pakistan, located in 44000 Constitution Avenue Islamabad, Pakistan. Completed in 1960s, it is situated on the Constitution Avenue and is flanked by the Prime Minister's Secretariat to the south and President's House and the Parliament Building to the north.

Designed by a reputed and famous Japanese architect, Kenzō Tange, under the consultation of the EPA, the complex was engineered and built by the CDA Engineering and Siemens Engineering.

Architectural style- Neoclassical, Modernist
Construction started- 1960s
Completed- 1965
Cost- ₨. 1.70 million
Architect- Kenzō Tange
Engineer:
CDA Engineering
Pakistan EPA
Siemens Engineering.

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keyboardwarrior · Mar 6, 2014

Abdul Khaliq (Athlete: Titled as ; The Fastest Man Of Asia & The Flying Bird Of Asia)

Abdul Khaliq was born on November 29, 1933 in a small village "Jand, Chakwal" in district Chakwal Punjab (Pakistan). He was a Pakistani sprinter who won 34 International Gold Medals, 15 International Silver Medals & 12 International Bronze Medals for Pakistan, He competed in 100m, 200m and 4 x 100 metres relay. He participated in the 1956 Melbourne Olympics and 1960 Rome Olympics and also in 1954 Asian Games & 1958 Asian Games . He died on March 10, 1988 in Rawalpindi.

During 1954 Asian Games Abdul Khaliq set a new record of 10.6 seconds in a 100 meters race by beating the previous record of 10.8 seconds held by Lavy Pinto of India.Abdul Khaliq was dubbed as Fastest Man of Asia.Then Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru who was the chief guest dubbed him as "The Flying Bird of Asia". Abdul Khaliq was 21 years old when he was dubbed as "The Fastest Man of Asia & The Flying Bird of Asia" Abdul Khaliq was also the 1st man of Asian games who was dubbed with the title of "Fastest Man of Asia."

International career

International Medals

Discipline|Gold

|Silver

|Bronze

Abdul_Khaliq_%28Fastest_Man_of_Asia%29.jpg

keyboardwarrior · Mar 6, 2014

Surgical Instruments Industry,Sialkot ,Pakistan (One of The Leading Surgical Instruments Manufacturing Industry in The World)

Surgical industry in Sialkot is playing a vital role in boosting the economy of Pakistan. This is the main centre for manufacturing surgical instruments. It is enjoying a comfortable position in exporting to more than 140 countries because of its quality products and low price when compared with other surgical instrument exporting countries.The surgical industry originated in 1940 in Sialkot.

Today the surgical industry in Pakistan has transformed from the obsolete technological base to a highly sophisticated level. It has gone a long way from the mending ordinary scalpels and scissors to the manufacturing of complex surgical instruments.

There are about 150,000 to 200,000 workers engaged in the large, medium and small industries of surgical instruments. Most of the labourers are on contract rather than full time basis. About 450,000 to 550, 000 direct and indirect workers are involved in the surgical sector. Its contribution to Pakistan's GDP stands at $3.5 billion.

Surgical Industry of Pakistan is consists of over 3,200 small, medium and large sized manufacturing units. The industry provides jobs to almost 150,000 semi-skilled and skilled workers. The productions of surgical industry could be divided into two categories that are: Disposable Surgical Instruments and Reusable Surgical Instruments. USA is the big buyer of the Disposable Instruments while Reusable Instruments are mostly exported to European countries.

During the time of independence seventeen surgical units were producing $368,000 worth of exports surgical instruments. During 1960s the various fiscal and credit incentives to the surgical sector led to an impressive export growth of surgical instruments. The total export of surgical instruments in 1999-2000 was $125 million which rose to $157 million in 2003-04, showing a meager increase of $6 million per annum.

Surgical instruments exports increased to $225 million in 2007-08, a phenomenal increase of about 18 per cent, as compared with the year 2006-07 when they totaled $191 million. During the period from 2000-01 to 2007-08 the surgical instrument growth recorded by 9 per cent per annum. Currently Sialkot is producing 2,000 various surgical instruments for worldwide exports.

At present more than 95 per cent of the surgical instruments manufactured in Sialkot are exported to other countries. The export wise of surgical instrument such as surgical scissors, forceps, scalpel and bone ringers comes to around 97 per cent.
Dental instruments such as tool extraction forceps, impressive trays, carvers, etc share is around 2 per cent. Only 1 per cent of other items such as stethoscopes and sphygmomanometers are being exported from Pakistan.

Pakistan's total export share percentages with other countries were as follows: USA (28.8 per cent), Germany (13.7), UK (9.1%), Italy (5.3%), UAE (4.7%), France (4.1%), Japan (2.2 %) and rest of the world (32.1%). Despite producing standard goods Pakistan has not been able to establish brand name.

USA is also the largest exporter of surgical and dental instruments. Being the largest exporter it falls in the category of one those in the largest importing countries. It is worth mentioning that countries which are big importers are also large exporters of the same category of surgical and dental instruments. This may be one of the facts that Pakistan exports to other countries are being re-exported to other countries.
Pakistan has great potential in exporting a substantial quantity of surgical goods and earning a considerable amount of foreign exchange. Pakistan has all the advantages of having cheap skilled labour and worldwide reputation and it must make persistent efforts to improve its products and make favourable trade agreements with foreign countries.

Pakistani Surgical Instruments are very popular globally since Pakistan is the largest producer of it, so the quality of their products is best as it should be. Pakistan ranked top because of numbers of manufacturing plants located in the country. Sialkot, a city of Pakistan located in the province of Punjab is the hub for manufacturing quality surgical tools. Here are some facts about the surgical instruments industry of Pakistan.

Surgical Instruments Industry is an industry where Pakistan enjoys excellent skills and it has almost a century long skilled craftsmanship in the manufacturing high quality surgical instruments. For the last few decades, this industry has adopted the latest technology and equipments to produce the export quality surgical instruments. The whole industry is estimated at $30 billion across the world and Pakistan exported $303 million instruments during 2012-2013.

Pakistan mainly manufactures and exports surgical instruments for these health departments:

Diagnostic, Anesthesia, Vaccination, Suture, Plaster, Bone Surgery, Neurology, Tracheotomy, Cardiovascular, Lung Surgery, Dermatology, Ophthalmology, Otology, Rhino logy, Oral Care, Tonsil, Sterilization, Urology, Gynecology, Obstetrics and Intestinal & Stomach Rectum.

Some of the commonly used surgical instruments are forceps, scissors, pliers, surgical lights, cervical plates, pelvic fixation system, linear staplers, laparoscope sets, spinal fixation system, retractors, calipers, blades, electrosurgical units, oscillating saw and much more.

The Surgical Industry represents manufacturers and exporters of Surgical Instruments, Electro Medical Instruments, Body External Fixation Systems and Implants, Micro Surgery Instruments, Cardiovascular Instruments, Endoscopic and Gynecological Instruments, ENT Instruments, Respiratory Aid Instruments, Orthopediac Instruments, Holloware, Anesthesia Products, Hospital Furniture, Dental Instruments, Veterinary Instruments, Personal Beauty care Items and Beauty Saloon instruments.

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keyboardwarrior · Mar 6, 2014

Gandhara University,Peshawar,Pakistan

Knowledge is Vision

Gandhara University in Peshawar, Pakistan provides specialized training in the healthcare sciences. It is a private medical college chartered by the government of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province. The institutes that became Gandhara University were initially founded in 1995 by surgeon Muhammad Kabir.

Component colleges

The university encompasses specialized departments to include teaching in nursing, dentistry, pharmacology, public health, and paramedical technologies:

Kabir Medical College
Sardar Begum Dental College
Naseer Teaching Hospital
Gandhara College of Pharmacy
Wazid Muhammad Institute of Paramedical Technology
Farkhanda Institute of Nursing
Kabir Institute of Public Health

Academic Programs

MBBS
BDS
D Pharmacy
MPH
BS Nursing
BS Paramedical Technology
Laboratory Technology Course
Dental Technology Course

keyboardwarrior · Mar 6, 2014

Umer Sharif (Actor & Stand-up Comedian)

The King Of Comedy; Umer Sharif

Umer Sharif, also spelled Omer Sharif; (born in the town of Liaquatabad in Karachi, Sindh) is a Pakistani stand-up comedian, stage, film and television actor. His original name is Muhammad Umer, however he changed that to Omer Sharif later in his years.

Career

Umer Sharif, (also spelled Omer Sharif; born in the town of Liaquatabad in Karachi, Sindh) is a Pakistani stand-up comedian, stage, film and television actor, writer, director and producer. His original name is Mohammad Umer, however he changed that to Umer Sharif when he joined the theater and later changed that to Umer Sharif. He rose to fame due to his work on stage and his stage shows are considered among the most popular in Pakistan.

He started his showbiz career in 1974 from Karachi as stage performer at the age of 14.He wrote and spoke in his plays that love your country and your nation. For the first time on audio cassette in 1980, his message was spread all over the world. At that time, there was no proper stage auditorium in Karachi and then he converted the cinema halls into state auditorium. From the 1980–1985, Karachi stage was made proper in the whole world. He started at parties with his friends as background musicians. Some of them now live in America. Born in an Urdu speaking family, Sharif became one of the most well known stage performers in Pakistan after his extremely popular 1989 comedy stage plays Bakra Qistoon Pay and Buddha Ghar Pe Hai. In both he starred with another comedy legend Moin Akhter.

Much of the success comes from the fact that he started to record his shows and the videos were rented out. Yes Sir Eid, No Sir Eid, followed by Bakra Qistoon Pay were the first stage shows to come out on video. He is known in South Asia as the King of Comedy. He was rated as best comedian ever even by Indian audiences. Indian comedian Johnny Lever and Raju Srivastav called him "The God Of Comedy" in Comedy Circus. He is the Proud of Pakistan and a living legend. In India his videos are released by Music Track and are sold at premium prices across all stores. Even his students are rated as "Comedy Kings" as well as Shakeel Siddiqui, Sikandar Sanam and Rauf Lala. All are famous in India as the Champions.

Response toward his play

Bakra Qistoon Pay is considered to be the show that made stage plays what they are today in Pakistan. Before the advent of Bakra Qistoon Pay majority stage shows in Pakistan used to be classy with rather poetic dialogue. After Bakra Qistoon Pay (Goat on installments) stage shows became a vibrant, majorly comical (and often gritty) part of the Pakistani culture. It has also sparked many sequels. He has also produced films like Mr. 420, Mr. Charlie, Miss Fitna, etc.

The popularity of Bakra Qistoon Pay also crossed the border into India as well and Umer Sharif became a famous name in India as well. He also was a judge in the famous Indian comedy show The Great Indian Laughter Challenge along with Siddu and Shekar Suman. Umer Sharif does his own show, on Geo TV called, "The Sharif Show," where he interviews a variety of actors, actresses, entertainers of all kinds as well musicians. Also from time to time, Sharif is seen as Masters of Ceremonies for various important events.

MAA Hospital

The Maa Hospital is a charitable health centre organised by Omer Sharif Welfare Trust for providing efficient modern health service for people wherever needed specially for the Art community of Pakistan.

A group of people with a history of providing diverse social services joined hand in 2006 to established the Omer Sharif Welfare Trust. From this forum, members will work towards state of the art health centre that provides services free of cost.

He performed more than 30 countries includes; USA, England, Norway,Switzerland, Australia ,India, Canada, France, Saudia Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Thailand, Hong Kong, Philippine, Singapore, Japan, South Africa , Nepal , Bangladesh etc ...

AWARDS AND ACHIEVEMENTS

Honorary Citizenship Given by Mayor of Houston (USA)

1. Two (2) National Awards in 1992 for Movie Mr.420
a) Best Director
b) Best Actor

2. Ten (10) Nigar Awards.
It is a record that in the 40-year's history of Nigar Award,
none of the Pakistani Ator got Four (4) Nigar Awards in 1 Year.

3. Three (3) Graduate Awards
a) Best Drama Writer
b) Best Actor
c) Best Director

4. Four (4) Awami Awards
a) Stage Best Actor in 1984
b) Stage Best Director in 1988

5. Cassette Melody Awards
Best Award for Hat trick in Audio Cassettes

6. One (1) International Emirates Award in Dubai

7. Fauji Award a) National Defence College Pakistan Shield

8. Two (2) Bolan Awards

9. Musavir Awards

10. Chicago (USA) Award in 1992

11. Award in Los Angeles in 1996

12. Waheed Murad Award

13. Trend Changer Award from Karachi in 1993

14. Lahore Press Club Award for Excellent Performance, 1996

15. Jang News Paper Award

16. Khabrain Award

17. Sadaaqat News Paper Award

18. Award from Allama Iqbal Medical College

19. Tamgha-e-Imtiaz

20. It is the first time in the history of Pakistan's film industry that the key of any city is presented to any actor. This honor is given to Mr. Omer Sharif by presenting him the KEY OF KARACHI CITY.

Two Legends In One Picture : Moin Akhtar & Umer Sharif

Umer Sharif with Wife

Faisal%20Qureshi%20%26%20Shaista%20Wahid%20with%20Mr%26%20Mrs%20Umer%20shareef%20in%20Shareef%20Show.jpg

keyboardwarrior · Mar 6, 2014

Sokhta Koh,Makran,Pakistan

The coastal Harappan site at Sokhta Koh (also known as Sotka Koh), 'burnt hill' was first surveyed by an American archaeologist George F Dales in 1960, while exploring estuaries along the Makran coast, Balochistan, Pakistan. The site is located about 15 miles north of Pasni. A similar site at Sutkagen-dor (also spelled Sutkagan Dor) lies about 30 miles inland, astride Dasht River, north of Jiwani. Their position along a coastline (that was possibly much farther inland) goes well with evidence of overseas commerce in Harappan times. Based on pottery styles, it is estimated that the settlement belongs to the Mature Harappan (Integration) Era (2600-1900 BC).

Topography

Sokhta Koh is an outcrop of low hillocks in the Shadi Kaur (river) valley, surrounded by jagged, stratified hills north of Pasni. Presently, the river flows just next to the site while loops of old riverbeds meander nearby. Small rivulets and 'nullahs' mostly fed by rainwater, empty into Shadi Kaur, itself rather anaemic in the stark and dry countryside.

While the hillocks are about two miles in circuit, the visible remnants of the settlement, which occupy the south-eastern portion, are less than a mile around. The settlement itself is difficult to appreciate from the ground since no structures stand out in relief. Except for a few sporadic digs, the site has not been extensively excavated.

Dry ravines, which mark out the northern and southern boundaries, traverse the site. Also visible are signs of numerous open-pit ovens buried under rubble. Another noteworthy point is the lack of visible evidence of walled fortification.

Buildings

In the absence of detailed digging, little can be said about the architecture and buildings. However, at several places, erosion by elements reveals remnants of rooms in which stratified rock was used as a base, over which mud or mud-brick walls were raised. Absence of baked bricks, despite a well-established pottery industry, indicates that rainfall may have been low and hence not a threat to mud structures. Riverine flooding, if any, was also probably not a factor due to the siting of the settlement atop hillocks. An aerial view (picture, above) gives a clear indication of rectangular room foundations as well as alignment with the cardinal points of the compass.

Pottery

The site is strewn all over by hundreds of thousands of potsherds which constitute the visible detritus of the extinct settlement. Scores of open pit ovens for firing the pottery can also be discerned. It is tempting to think of this vast pottery-making industry as a sort of a 'packaging facility' for perishable commodities that were exported in exchange for luxury goods. The sherds are of kiln-baked ware that includes jars, plates, pierced colanders, lids with knobs and fine terra cotta bangle-shaped pieces. The pottery is wheel-turned and mostly pink, with a few buff samples. Some wares, particularly jars, have a reddish glazed band around the neck. The designs are a decorative feature of most pottery and are only of black colour. Designs are restricted to geometrical shapes and include horizontal lines of varying thickness, fish scale patterns, intersecting circles, comb-like patterns and wavy lines. Human and animal motifs are notably absent. 'Potters marks' are evident on the rims of some jars and pots. The complete absence of toys, seals, statues and jewellery, at least at the uppermost level, indicate a rather utilitarian environment. Further excavation is bound to reveal at least some elements that might mitigate the seeming socio-cultural isolation of this Harappan outpost.

Computer-aided reconstruction of coastal Harappan settlement at Sokhta Koh near Pasni, Pakistan.

Aerial picture of site, un-retouched

Pottery jar excavated from the corner of a room at Sokhta Koh (Pointed bottom outlined)

keyboardwarrior · Mar 6, 2014

Football Manufacturing Industry,Sialkot, Pakistan (Largest Football Manufacturing Industry in The World)

Pakistan’s city of Sialkot is hob of world football manufacturing. The premium quality handmade footballs of Sialkot have no comparison in quality and design. The footballs stitched and made in Pakistan are among the best sports brands footballs. During the footballs world cup in South Africa China made footballs introduced by Addidas but still more 45 million footballs during world cup football event were Sialkot made.

Sialkot made footballs grabbed the attention of about 30% of football orders sold during the FIFA world cup 2010. The footballs used during the FIFA world cup 2006 were hand-stitched made in Pakistan, Sialkot. The Jabulani footballs used during the South Africa world cup were made using latest technology. Now the Sialkot football’s industry is also trying to update itself to compete with the world football manufacturing industry.

The Pakistan made footballs are appreciated all over the world although Pakistan itself is not among the Football playing nations. Sialkot is famous as the mini Manchester because of its quality handmade footballs. The Football industry of Sialkot is contributing a very sufficient amount to the GDP of country through its exports. The footballs of Sialkot are used in almost all world class football events such as English premier league. Adidas coordinate with different Sialkot football industries to manufacture copy footballs for world cup for about 5.5 million dollars. TajMahal Sports Company of Sialkot is working very hard for the progress of Pakistani football industry. Almost 40 football stitching centers are working in Sialkot. One football company of Pakistan has exported 2.5 million footballs in 2010.

Up to 60 Million Footballs a Year

Demand for footballs is enormous, especially in years when there's a World Cup. Since the mid-1980s, Sialkot has had its own customs office, which means the manufacturers don't have to transport their goods to the port of Karachi. They call the freight center their "dry port." Last year the city opened a modern airport to allow the gentlemen from Adidas, Nike, Puma and Co to fly straight to Sialkot and to receive particularly urgently needed supplies per air freight. The Pakistani suppliers have a good reputation among global sports firms.

The factories of Sialkot supply 40 million footballs a year, and that number rises to 60 million in European Championship or World Cup years. That's an estimated 70 % (percent) of the global production of hand-sewed footballs.

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keyboardwarrior · Mar 31, 2014

Badshahi Mosque,Lahore,Pakistan

The Badshahi Mosque means the 'Imperial Mosque' in Lahore, commissioned by the sixth Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb in 1671 and completed in 1673, is the second largest mosque in Pakistan and South Asia and the fifth largest mosque in the world. Epitomising the beauty, passion and grandeur of the Mughal era, it is Lahore's most famous landmark and a major tourist attraction.

Capable of accommodating 55,000 worshippers in its main prayer hall and a further 95,000 in its courtyard and porticoes, it remained the largest mosque in the world from 1673 to 1986 (a period of 313 years), when overtaken in size by the completion of the Faisal Mosque in Islamabad. Today, it remains the second largest mosque in Pakistan and South Asia and the fifth largest mosque in the world after the Masjid al-Haram (Grand Mosque) of Mecca, the Al-Masjid al-Nabawi (Prophet's Mosque) in Medina, the Hassan II Mosque in Casablanca and the Faisal Mosque in Islamabad.

To appreciate its large size, the four minarets of the Badshahi Mosque are 13.9 ft (4.2 m) taller than those of the Taj Mahal and the main platform of the Taj Mahal can fit inside the 278,784 sq ft (25,899.9 m2) courtyard of the Badshahi Mosque, which is the largest mosque courtyard in the world.

In 1993, the Government of Pakistan recommended the inclusion of the Badshahi Mosque as a World Heritage Site in UNESCO's World Heritage List, where it has been included in Pakistan's Tentative List for possible nomination to the World Heritage List by UNESCO.

History

Construction (1671–1673)

Construction of the Badshahi Mosque was ordered in May 1671 by the sixth Mughal Emperor, Aurangzeb, who assumed the title Alamgir (meaning "Conqueror of the World"). Construction took about two years and was completed in April 1673.[2]

The Badshahi Mosque was built opposite the Lahore Fort, emphasising its stature in the Mughal Empire. It was constructed on a raised platform to avoid inundation from the nearby Ravi River during flooding. The mosque's foundation and structure was constructed using bricks and compacted clay. The structure was then clad with red sandstone tiles brought from a stone quarry near Jaipur in Rajasthan and its domes were clad with white marble.

The construction work was carried out under the supervision of Aurangzeb's foster brother, Muzaffar Hussain (also known as Fidai Khan), who was appointed Governor of Lahore by Aurangzeb in May 1671 to specifically oversee the construction of the mosque and held that post until 1675. He was also Master of Ordnance to Aurangzeb. In conjunction with the building of the Badshahi Mosque, a new gate was built at the Lahore Fort opening into the Hazuri Bagh and facing the main entrance of the Badshahi Mosque, which was named Alamgiri Gate after Aurangzeb.

Inscribed in a marble tablet on the entrance of the Badshahi Mosque are the following words in Persian:

“The Mosque of Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir, Victorious King, constructed and completed under the superintendence of the Humblest Servant of the Royal Household, Fidai Khan, in 1084 A.H.

Mosque under Mughal rule (1673–1752)

When it was completed in 1673, the Badshahi Mosque was not only the largest mosque in the Mughal Empire, but also the largest mosque in the world – a record it would hold for 313 years until 1986. It was also one of the largest buildings in the Mughal Empire and the world. On a clear day, it could be seen from a distance of 15 km. The Badshahi Mosque elevated Lahore to greater political, economic and cultural importance in the Mughal Empire.

Mosque under Sikh rule (1799–1849)

On 7 July 1799, the Sikh militia of the Sukerchakia chief, Ranjit Singh, took control of Lahore. After the capture of the city, the Badshahi Mosque was severely damaged when Ranjit Singh used its vast courtyard as a stable for his armies horses and its 80 hujras (small study rooms surrounding the courtyard) as quarters for his soldiers and as magazines for military stores. Ranjit Singh used the Hazuri Bagh, the enclosed garden next to the Mosque as his official royal court of audience.

In 1841, during the Sikh civil war, Ranjit Singh's son, Sher Singh, used the Mosque's large minarets for placement of zamburahs or light guns, which were placed atop the minarets to bombard the supporters of the Sikh Maharani Chand Kaur taking refuge in the besieged Lahore Fort, inflicting great damage to the Fort itself. In one of these bombardments, the Fort's Diwan-e-Aam (Hall of Public Audience) was destroyed (it was subsequently rebuilt by the British but never regained its original architectural splendour). During this time, Henri De la Rouche, a French cavalry officer employed in the army of Sher Singh,[6] used a tunnel connecting the Badshahi Mosque to the Lahore Fort to temporarily store gunpowder.

Mosque under British rule (1858–1947)

When the British took control of Lahore in 1846, they continued the Sikh practice of using the Mosque and the adjoining Fort as a military garrison. The 80 cells (hujras) built into the walls surrounding the Mosque's vast courtyard on three sides were originally study rooms, which were used by the Sikhs under Ranjit Singh to house troops and military stores. The British demolished them so as to prevent them from being used for anti-British activities and rebuilt them to form open arcades or dalans, which continue to this day.

Mosque's return to Muslims and restoration

Sensing increasing Muslim resentment against the use of the Mosque as a military garrison, which was continuing since Sikh Rule, the British set up the Badshahi Mosque Authority in 1852 to oversee the restoration and return of the Mosque to Muslims as a place of religious worship. From 1852 onwards, piecemeal repairs were carried out under the supervision of the Badshahi Mosque Authority. Extensive repairs commenced from 1939 onwards, when the Punjab Premier Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan took on the task of raising funds for this purpose. The blueprint for the repairs was prepared by Nawab Zain Yar Jang Bahadur, the Chief Architect of Hyderabad Deccan.

It was not until 1852 that the British established the Badshahi Mosque Authority to oversee the restoration of the mosque so that it could be returned to Muslims as a place of worship. Although repairs were carried out, it was not until 1939 that extensive repairs began under the oversight of architect Nawab Zen Yar Jang Bahadur. The repairs continued until 1960 and were completed at a cost of 4.8 million rupees.

Mosque under Pakistan (1947–present)

Restoration work at the Mosque continued after Lahore became part of the new Muslim State of Pakistan on 14 August 1947, the mosque was returned to its original purpose, and extensive repairs were undertaken. By 1960, the Badshahi Mosque stood restored to its original condition at a total cost of 5 million rupees (1939–1960).

The Government of Pakistan established a small museum inside the Main Gateway Entrance of the Mosque. It contains relics of the Prophet Muhammad, his cousin Ali, and his daughter, Fatimah, donated by the Fakir family of Lahore who occupied high posts during Maharaja Ranjit Singh's rule.

On the occasion of the 2nd Islamic Summit held at Lahore on February 22, 1974, thirty-nine heads of Muslim states offered their Friday prayers in the Badshahi Mosque, including, among others, Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto of Pakistan, King Faisal of Saudi Arabia, Muammar Gaddafi of Libya, Yasser Arafat of the Palestine Liberation Organization and Sabah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah of Kuwait. The prayers were led by Mawlānā Abdul Qadir Azad, the then Khatib of the Mosque.

In 1993, the Government of Pakistan recommended the inclusion of the Badshahi Mosque as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, where it has been included in Pakistan's Tentative List for possible nomination to the World Heritage List.

In 2000, the marble inlay in the Main Prayer Hall was repaired. In 2008, replacement work on the red sandstone tiles on the Mosque's large courtyard commenced, using red sandstone especially imported from the original source near Jaipur, Rajasthan, India and the Mosque is now almost restored to its original 17th century condition.

Architecture and design

The architecture and design of the Badshahi Mosque closely resembles that of the smaller Jama Mosque in Delhi, India, which was built in 1648 by Aurangzeb's father and predecessor, Emperor Shah Jahan. Its design was inspired by Islamic, Persian, Central Asian and Indian influences. Like the character of its founder, the Mosque is bold, vast and majestic in its expression.

The steps leading to the Main Prayer Hall and its floor are in Sang-e-Alvi (variegated marble). The Main Prayer Hall is divided into seven sections by means of multi-foil arches supported on heavy piers, three of which bear the double domes finished externally in white marble. The remaining four sections are roofed with flat domes.

The interior of the Main Prayer Hall is richly embellished with stucco tracery (Manbatkari), fresco work, and inlaid marble.

The exterior is decorated with stone carving as well as marble inlay on red sandstone, specially of lotiform motifs in bold relief. The embellishment has Indo-Greek, Central Asian and Indian architectural influence both in technique and motifs.

The skyline is furnished by beautiful ornamental merlons inlaid with marble lining adding grace to the perimeter of the mosque. In its various architectural features like the vast square courtyard, the side aisles (dalans), the four corner minarets (minars), the projecting central transept of the prayer chamber and the grand entrance gate, is summed up the history of development of mosque architecture of the Muslim world over the thousand years prior to its construction in 1673.

The north enclosure wall of the Mosque was laid close to the Ravi River bank, so a majestic gateway could not be provided on that side and, to keep the symmetry the gate had to be omitted on the south wall as well. Thus, a four Aiwan plan like the earlier Jama Mosque in Delhi, could not be replicated at the Badshahi Mosque.

The walls were built with small kiln-burnt bricks laid in kankar, lime mortar (a kind of hydraulic lime) but have a veneer of red sandstone. The steps leading to the prayer chamber and its plinth are in variegated marble.

The main prayer chamber is very deep and is divided into seven compartments by rich engraved arches carried on very heavy piers. Out of the 7 compartments, three double domes finished in marble have superb curvature, whilst the rest have curvilinear domes with a central rib in their interior and flat roof above. In the eastern front aisle, the ceiling of the compartment is flat (qalamdani) with a curved border (ghalatan) at the cornice level.

The original floor of the courtyard was laid with small kiln-burnt bricks laid in the Mussalah pattern. The present red sandstone flooring was laid during the last major refurbishhment (1939 – 1960). Similarly, the original floor of the main prayer chamber was in cut and dressed bricks with marble and Sang-i-Abri lining forming Mussalah and was also replaced by marble Mussalah during the last major repairs.

There are only two inscriptions in the Mosque:

one on the main gateway entrance
the other of Kalimah in the prayer chamber under the main high vault.

Dimensions

Courtyard: 528 ft 8 in (161.14 m) x 528 ft 4 in (161.04 m) (area: 278,784 sq ft (25,899.9 m2)) (the world's largest mosque courtyard) (compared to 186 ft × 186 ft (57 m × 57 m) for the main platform of the Taj Mahal), divided into two levels: the upper and the lower. In the latter, funeral prayers can also be offered.

Prayer Chamber: 275 ft 8 in (84.02 m) x 83 ft 7 in (25.48 m) x 50 ft 6 in (15.39 m) high, with its main vault 37 ft 3 in (11.35 m) x 59 ft 4 in (18.08 m) high but with the merlons 74 ft (22.555200 m). (area: 22,825 sq ft (2,120.5 m2))

4 Corner Minarets: 176 ft 4 in (53.75 m) high and 67 ft (20 m) in circumference, are in four stages and have a contained staircase with 204 steps (compared with 162.5 ft (49.5 m) for the minarats of the Taj Mahal).

Central Dome: Diameter 65 ft (20 m) at bottom (at bulging 70 ft 6 in (21.49 m)); height 49 ft (15 m); pinnacle 24 ft (7.3 m) and neck 15 ft (4.6 m) high.

2 Side Domes: Diameter 51 ft 6 in (15.70 m) (at bulging 54 ft (16.46 m)); height 32 ft (9.8 m); pinnacle 19 ft (5.8 m); neck 9 ft 6 in (2.90 m) high.

Gateway: 66 ft 7 in (20.29 m) x 62 ft 10 in (19.15 m) x 65 ft (20 m) high including domelets; vault 21 ft 6 in (6.55 m) x 32 ft 6 in (9.91 m) high. Its three-sided approach steps are 22 in number.

Side Aisles (Dalans): 80 in number. Height above floor 23 ft 9 in (7.24 m); plinth 2 ft 7 in (0.79 m).
Central Tank: 50 ft (15 m) x 50 ft (15 m) x 3 ft (0.91 m) deep (area: 2,500 sq ft (230 m2)).

Architectural influence

The Badshahi Mosque has architecturally influenced the design of the following mosques:

Sheikh Zayed Mosque, Abu Dhabi, U.A.E.
Sir Syed Masjid, Aligarh, India
Taj-ul-Masajid, Bhopal, India

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keyboardwarrior · Mar 31, 2014

Faiz Mahal,Khairpur,Pakistan

Faiz Palace of Khairpur was built in 1798 as the palace of the Talpur family by the Khairpur Mirs.
Faiz Palace is a magnificent structure of the Indus Valley and is a symbol of the Talpur glory.

This building has a unique architectural design and seems it would have been designed by professional engineer. The look of Faiz Mahal is so fascinating,alluring ,stunning and picturesque.

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keyboardwarrior · Mar 31, 2014

Burns Road Food Street Karachi,Pakistan

Burns Road is famous for its traditional food offerings such as Biryani and Karahi, Dhaga Kabab, Fry Kabab, Nihari, Haleem and fried finger fish. More specialties including Kheer, Rabri, Ras Malai, Ras Gulay, Lassi and Dahi Bara. There are a couple of Halwa Puri stalls too which serve Halwa Puri for breakfast.

The famous Lassi shops have been around since post partition period and also serve Milk with dry fruits. They also have Mango Shake (Aam Ki Botal) and Mango ice-cream during Mango season and Gajar Carrot Ka Halwa in winter. They usually open 6 or 7 am and stay open till 2 am midnight and later on weekends.

Burns Road also boasts of two well known sweets shops, Fresco and Bhashanis; that is a great boon for Desi sweets lovers.

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keyboardwarrior · Mar 31, 2014

Gurdwara Dera Sahib Panjvin Patshahi, Lahore, Pakistan

Gurudwara Dera Sahib Panjvin Patshahi - Shrine of Guru Arjan Dev (1563- 1606 A.D) Lahore : Gurudwara Dera Sahib is situated opposite Lahore Fort near Badshahi Mosque. This is the place where Sat Gur Arjun Dev Ji was martyred in the River Ravi facing the tortures inflicted by Chandu on 30th May 1606 AD.

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keyboardwarrior · Mar 31, 2014

Fairy Meadows,Diamer District,Pakistan

Fairy Meadows, named by German climbers (German Märchenwiese, ″fairy tale meadows&#8243

and locally known as Joot, is a grassland near one of the base camp sites of the Nanga Parbat, located in Diamer District, Gilgit-Baltistan. At an altitude of about 3,300 meters above the sea level, it serves as the launching point for trekkers summiting on the Rakhiot face of the Nanga Parbat. In 1995, the Government of Pakistan declared Fairy Meadows a National Park.

Location

Fairy Meadows is approachable by a twelve kilometer-long jeepable trek starting from Raikhot bridge on Karakoram Highway to the village Tato. Further from Tato, it takes about three to four hours hiking by a five kilometer trek to Fairy Meadows. The grassland is located in the Raikhot valley, at one end of the Raikhot glacier which originates from the Nanga Parbat and feeds a stream that finally falls in the River Indus. Since 1992, locals have operated camping sites in the area.

Tourism

The six-month tourist season at Fairy Meadows starts in April and continues until the end of September. Tourists lodge at the camping site spread over two acres, known as "Raikot Serai".

Flora and fauna

The grassland is surrounded by thick alpine forest. The high altitude area and north-facing slopes mostly consist of coniferous forest having Pinus wallichiana, Picea smithiana and Abies pindrow trees, while in the high altitude areas with little sunlight are birch and willow dwarf shrubs. The southern slopes are concentrated with juniper and scrubs, namely Juniperus excelsa and J. turkesticana. In the low altitudes, the major plant found is Artemisia, with yellow ash, stone oaks and Pinus gerardiana spread among it. Research has suggested similarities between Pinus wallichiana found in the meadows with a sister species, Pinus peuce, found in the Balkans, based on leaf size. Researchers have found thirty-one species of Rust fungi in the area.

Among mammals, a few brown bears are found in the region, with their numbers declining.Some musk deer, regarded as an endangered species, are also present.

Fairy Meadows (Nanga Parbat in background)

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keyboardwarrior · Mar 31, 2014

Sheosar Lake, Gilgit-Baltistan , Pakistan

Sheosar Lake (also called Shausar Lake) is a lake situated in Deosai National Park, in Gilgit-Baltistan province of northern Pakistan.

The lake is at an elevation of 4,142 metres (13,589 ft) in the Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe. Its approximate length is 2.3 kilometres (1.4 mi), width 1.8 kilometres (1.1 mi), and average depth is 40 metres (130 ft).

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keyboardwarrior · Mar 31, 2014

Sukkur Institute of Business Administration (Sukkur IBA), Pakistan.

The Sukkur Institute of Business Administration (Sukkur IBA)is a business school in Sukkur, Pakistan. The school is a public sector degree-awarding institute approved by Higher Education Commission and chartered by the Government of Sindh.

History

In 1994, the school was established as Sukkur Institute of Business Administration . It was located initially in a hired public school building in Sukkur. At first, Sukkur IBA was affiliated to Institute of Business Administration, Karachi; it become independent in 2006. The institute is ranked 3rd among the five independent business schools of Pakistan included in the Higher Education Commission Pakistan Business School Ranking-2013).

Departments

The institute has four main departments;

Business Administration, with more than 1600 students doing their majors in the field of finance, marketing, human resources, entrepreneurship and agribusiness.
Electrical Engineering with specialization in Telecom & Electronics
Computer Sciences with specialization in computer science, IT and Software Engineering
Education Management

Along with these departments the institute runs three centers that facilitate student projects and careers:

Career Development Center .
Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership & Incubation
Office of Research, Innovation & Commercialization (ORIC

keyboardwarrior · Mar 31, 2014

Dr. Ruth Katherina Martha Pfau

Dr. Ruth Katherina Martha Pfau NQA, HPk, HI (born 1929) is a German nun and a member of the Society of Daughters of the Heart of Mary who has devoted the last 50 years of life to fighting leprosy in Pakistan. In 1996, Pakistan was declared by the World Health Organization to have controlled leprosy, one of the first countries in Asia to achieve this goal.

Early life

Dr. Pfau was born in Leipzig, Germany in 1929. She had four sisters and one brother. After World War II when the Russians occupied East Germany she escaped to West Germany along with her family and chose medicine as her future career. In 1949 she studied medicine at Mainz. She was not satisfied with her life. She wanted to do something more: She joined a Catholic order and eventually went to Pakistan.

Pakistan

In 1960 Ruth decided to dedicate the rest of her life to the people of Pakistan and their battle against Leprosy outbreaks. She came to Karachi and visited a leprosy colony on McLeod Road behind the City Railway Station. Here she decided that the care of patients would be her life's calling. She started with medical treatment for the Leprosy patients in a hut in this slumquarter. The Marie Adelaide Leprosy Centre[4] was founded and social work for the leprosy patients and their family members was started by Dr.I.K.Gill. A Leprosy Clinic was bought in April 1963 and patients from all over Karachi, Pakistan and even from Afghanistan came for treatment.

Since that time the work grew fast and small treatment centres were established in Karachi and all over Pakistan, training for paramedical workers and social workers were given and health education started to get over prejudices and fear.

Dr.Pfau went to the far off areas of Pakistan where there were no medical facilities for leprosy patients. She collected donations in Germany and Pakistan and cooperated with hospitals in Rawalpindi and Karachi.

More than 70 relief centers operate in Pakistan. New centers are opening in the North West Frontier Province and Baluchistan, where a large influx of Afghan refugees has brought many patients suffering from leprosy.

In recognition of her service to the country, she was awarded Pakistani citizenship in 1988.

On 9 September 1999 Archbishop Simeon Anthony Pereira of Karachi celebrated a Mass at St. Patrick's Cathedral to celebrate Sr. Pfau’s 70th birthday.

Awards and Recognition

Ruth Pfau is recognised in Pakistan and abroad as a distinguished human being and has been awarded many prizes and medals. Sister Ruth Pfau was among recipients of civilian awards at President's House on Pakistan Day 23 March 1989. Sister Pfau received the Hilal-i-Pakistan award for her work with leprosy patients. Speaking at a function in Islamabad on 30 January 2000, to mark the 47th World Leprosy Day, President Rafiq Tarar praised Sister Ruth Pfau, who built up the National Leprosy Control Program in Pakistan, for working not only for those afflicted with leprosy, but also for those with TB. On the occasion of Pakistan Independence Day on 14 August 2010, the President of Pakistan awarded the very high civil award of Nishan-i-Quaid-i-Azam to Dr. Pfau for public service. she is being hailed as Pakistan's 'Mother Teresa'.

Honours

1969: Order of Merit (Germany)
1969: Sitara i Quaid i Azam
Hilal-e-Imtiaz
Hilal-i-Pakistan
2002: Ramon Magsaysay Award
April 2003: Jinnah Award for 2002.
2004: Doctor of Science (DSc), honoris causa. Aga Khan University, Karachi.
2010 Nishan-i-Quaid-i-Azam for public service.

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keyboardwarrior · Apr 15, 2014

Sunway Lagoon,Karachi

Sunway Lagoon one of Pakistan's premier Water Park, it is located just 5 minutes from Gharo Town and 50 Minutes from Karachi International Airport, on 42 beautifully landscaped acres, with huge lush green coconut trees,garden,comfortable and covered food court with dining tables and chairs, exciting water Slides, Asia’s Largest Lazy River, Water Channel, totally segregated Ladies Pool, Body Slides, Spiral Slide, Raft Slide and amazing Raft Bugi Bugi and Hill Slide.

The Quality of water in Park is the best, continuously treated and filtered through the most advance filtration System imported from Italy, keeping water sparkling blue, Sunway Lagoon can be compared with any of the international standard Park all over the world.

Attractions

1. Mega Pool with 4nos Slides
2. Children Pool with 3nos Slides
3. Water Channel
4. Central Pool
5. Ladies Pool with 2nos Spiral Slides and 1no Free Fall Slide
6. Free Fall Pool with 2nos Free Fall Body slides and 1no Bugi Bugi Raft Slide
7. Spiral Pool with 1no Spiral Body and 1 Raft slides
8. Lazy Pool (Asia’s Largest)
9 .Children Play Land.
10. Tube Shop
11. Lockers on Rent.

Cont ....

keyboardwarrior · Apr 15, 2014

Cont ....

Sunway Lagoon Water Park Karachi Full TVC :--D

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End .....

Picture Album Of Pakistan

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