Rocco has been exceedingly patient as always. To tell the truth, I can't imagine how he remains so in dealing with you hateful vermin.Rocco has been blowing a lot of smoke at my posts but he has not answered the questions.He has answered all of them, it is you that does not like the answers.
I don't see how Tinmore has the patience to deal you
montelatici, et al,
You are reading much to much into the Article 22 position.
(COMMENT)Rocco et al:
A place is defined by its people. When the British received the "Mandate" the population was made up of about 95% Muslims and Christians. Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations applied to this vast majority of the population. The people of the former Ottoman Territories were the "owners" of the land, the Mandatory was simply "entrusted" with the duty of ensuring the "well-being and development" of the people, which included the 93% of the people of Palestine who were not European Jews. Furthermore, these same people were provisionally recognized as an independent nation under the same article of the Covenant.
"ARTICLE 22.
To those colonies and territories which as a consequence of the late war have ceased to be under the sovereignty of the States which formerly governed them and which are inhabited by peoples not yet able to stand by themselves under the strenuous conditions of the modern world, there should be applied the principle that the well-being and development of such peoples form a sacred trust of civilisation and that securities for the performance of this trust should be embodied in this Covenant.
The best method of giving practical effect to this principle is that the tutelage of such peoples should be entrusted to advanced nations who by reason of their resources, their experience or their geographical position can best undertake this responsibility, and who are willing to accept it, and that this tutelage should be exercised by them as Mandatories on behalf of the League."
First, there are some - 9 Clauses to Article 22 of the Covenant. Nowhere in those 9 Clauses is any specific territory of the Middle East singled out; nor were there any specific Arab inhabitance (indigenous people or habitual inhabitants) offered or promised anything specific relative to self-government or territorial integrity.
Second, the Arab Palestinian declined to participate in the "tutelage" offered by the Mandatory throughout the entire period. This demonstrated an unwillingness to participate in the Article 22 Process or to avail themselves to the gradual process (as a demonstration of their "willing to accept it").
Third, there was nothing written in the Covenant to suggest that Palestine (as territory so determined by the Allied Powers) was singled-out as a "certain community" --- formerly belonging to the Turkish Empire --- as having reached a stage of development either as an independent nation or suitable for "provisionally recognized." That is even more true given that the Arab in that territory (as determined by the Allied Powers) declined to participate in the Article 22 Process that would help bring it to meet the mandatory criteria to be able to stand alone. In fact, it is probably more likely that the "certain community" may have been pertaining to the Hashemite participants in the Arab Revolt or the communities located in the French Mandate, to which Article 22 equally applied.22. Later in 1923, a third attempt was made to establish an institution through which the Arab population of Palestine could be brought into cooperation with the government. The mandatory Power now proposed “the establishment of an Arab Agency in Palestine which will occupy a position exactly analogous to that accorded to the Jewish Agency”. The Arab Agency would have the right to be consulted on all matters relating to immigration, on which it was recognised that “the views of the Arab community were entitled to special consideration”. The Arab leaders declined that this offer on the ground that it would not satisfy the aspirations of the Arab people. They added that, never having recognised the status of the Jewish Agency, they had no desire for the establishment of an Arab Agency on the same basis.
“The British Government desired to establish a self-government in Palestine, but to proceed in this direction by stages…. It had been announced that the nominated Advisory Council was to be the first stage. The second stage would have been a Legislative Council without an Arab majority. If this worked satisfactorily, the third stage, after a lapse of perhaps same years, would have been a constitution on more democratic lines.”In practice it proved impossible even to initiate this policy of gradual constitutional development. From 1922 until the present day, the High Commissioner has governed Palestine with the aid of Councils consisting exclusively of British officials.
Fourth, the Arabs of Palestine (the Palestine as defined by the Order in Council) have not yet, even after declaring independence and exercising self-determination more than once, was able to establish a central government that could actually - in a peacefully means - transition from one administration (ruling party) to another in accordance with the:
So, it really doesn't matter how you observe the State of Palestine, it was unable to meet the criteria in 1923, it was unable to meet the criteria in 1947, it has been unable to meet the criteria of a nation that can stand alone in contemporary times.
- 2003 Amended Basic Law (current)
- 2005 Amendment to the Basic Law (current)
I challenge your assertion that the contemporary Arab Palestinian, which has not been able to Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States, in the last 45 years, has ever made a credible effort to assume the governmental roles of a nation "under the strenuous conditions of the modern world." (Another Article 22 Criteria.)
Most Respectfully,
R
Rocco,
Firstly, your premise is incorrect. Palestine was, in fact, included among the Class A Mandates, i.e., those territories whose people received provisional independence. Only when the Mandatory realized the impossibility of protecting the rights of the majority did the British pull back and not promote the independence of Palestine. Obviously, with a Christian and Muslim majority of 93%, independence would have halted the colonial project as envisioned by the Balfour Declaration. The fact that the Royal Commission of 1936-37 recognized that the Palestinian Arabs, Christian and Muslim, were politically and administratively as developed as those in other Arab countries, makes your conclusion regarding the Palestinian's lack of readiness for independence incorrect. As stated in para. 102 of A/364, which I believe, you are now acquainted with.
"102. The Royal Commission of 1936-37 was impressed by the fact that the Arab national movement.
". . . is now sustained by a far more efficient and comprehensive political machine than existed in earlier years. The centralization of control . . . has now been as fully effected as is possible in any Arab country. All the political parties present a 'common front' and their leaders sit together on the Arab Higher Committee. Christian as well as Moslem Arabs are represented on it."
The truth of the matter is that the British delayed the granting of independence to Palestine to facilitate the Balfour colonial project.
To recapitulate. The Christians and Muslims were ready for independence. The Christians and Muslims rightly refused to accept the Balfour colonial project which was designed to flood Palestine with Europeans and evict the existing inhabitants. I can't think of a more rationale response. The "hostiles" were those from elsewhere planning to dispossess the Christians and Muslims.
This is complete Jibberish ! This is just an excuse for the Palestinian NOT declaring independence when they should have.
Several months after Israel declared independence, the Palestinians tried to do so, but on the same territory that Israel did. Why didn't they do so before Israel ? There was nothing stopping them. Like you said, they owned most of the land, right? Their declaration of 1948 was a bust and not recognized. After 40 years of thinking they could take away what was now Israel, they decided to declare independence in 1988 on the land allotted to them by the partition plan.Several months after Israel declared independence, the Palestinians tried to do so, but on the same territory that Israel did.
Not true.
Then on what territory did the Palestinians try to declare independence on in 1948 ? Show me map if you can