Those points speak to a complete ignorance in economics in general. You cannot fix a problem by simply demanding that people make more. That brings EVERYONE down and elevates nothing.
The response that a raise in minimum wage would lead to the exact same purchasing power shows an ignorance in economics. Such an analysis assumes that 100% of the cost of running a business is related to wages, but that is not true.
Say wages are 50% of running a business. The minimum wage is raised from $8 to $10 per gour. About 60% of those workers make minium wage, but their earnings constitute only 40% of the companies total wages. This represents a 25% increase in wages for the unskilled employees. However the cost of doing business increases only as follows:
(60% + (40% x 1.25)50% + 50% = 1.05 or a increase of 5% of production costs. Assuming that these costs are passed directly to the consumer, then the cost of goods increases 5%, but the earning power of the unskilled worker increases 20%. The net purchasing power increases 20% for those unskilled workers. The purchasing power of other workers goes down 5%.
Admittedly a simplistic model, but I hope you get the idea.
You see it as the opposite. However what you see does not apply to business in real world terms.
The way to get out of min wage is to improve one's skill set, educate one's self and perform tasks in an exemplary fashion.
Wages are not a gift. Employment is not en entitlement.
Yes. Those who are stuck in minimum wage jobs either a) aren't trying or b) aren't contributing to the business in a way that is worth more than minimum wage.
I once was hired as the payroll officer for a large hospital, a job I could do in my sleep. Once it became obvious that I was able to do more in Human Resources than just do payroll, they expanded my duties and I was paid more. I still was still fast enough on the computer and able to streamline the procedures and processes to the point that it was only taking me half a day to do my job. And while I can loaf with the best of them, I was wanting more money.
So, when the Communications Officer position came open, and I had skills to do that, I applied to take that on too. And in so doing, increased my wages considerably. When I left some years later, the hospital again had to use three different people to do what I was doing and no doubt none of those three made anything close to what I was being paid. But they were paid what their jobs were worth and were probably all together be paid quite a bit more than I was being paid. I ihad been able to substantially increase my wages by being productive in a way that saved the hospital money.
The way to make substantially more than minimum wage is to be able to do work that is worth substantially more than minimum wage. To make more money, you need to generate more profits for your employer or otherwise find ways to save him/her money by what you do.