M.D. Rawlings
Classical Liberal
5. The American Liberal, or Progressive, view, is less American than one might imagine.
The source of Progressive ideas was Germany, specifically the philosophy of Hegel, and this euro-thinking placed the ruler above the ruled: Germans have a history of accepting authoritarian rule.
a. .... a natural law tradition widely accepted by the American founders. Virtually all of the framers of the Constitution, led by Madison, believed in the existence of natural rights that is, rights given by God rather than Government that individuals retained during the transition from the state of nature to civil society. There was broad consensus during the founding period about which rights were natural:
they included the right to alter and abolish governments,
to worship God according to the dictates of conscience,
to speak freely,
and to pursue and obtain happiness and safety.
b. Locke stated that since the society made the government they have the power to abolish it, whereas in Hobbes theory the government was all powerful and the people would dread going back to the state of nature that the leviathan will not be overthrown Locke favoured a limited government whereas Hobbes favoured an authoritarian one. Lockes society is designed to protect property, but Lockes definition of property is not the same as everyone elses.
Overall then, we are left with a society that is designed to prevent the abuse of power and to let people live peacefully and prosperously in an equal society. Hobbes however wanted the citizens to be restrained and have no say in the way the country was ran. Hobbes wanted there to be a dictatorship where decisions were solely in the hands of the sovereign and not the people whom lived in the democracy, so was this theory was actually liberal democracy.
Hobbes And Locke
Hobbes would be a modern Liberal.
6. Progressivism was initially an academic phenomenon far removed from American politics. Particularly in the postCivil War American university, professors many of whom had obtained their graduate training in German universities, and whose thought reflected the intoxicating effect of the undiluted Hegelian philosophy upon the American mind, as progressive Charles Merriam once put it articulated a critique of America that was as deep as it was wide.
It began with a conscious rejection of the natural-rights principles of the American founding and the promotion of a new understanding of freedom, history, and the state in their stead. From this foundation, the progressives then criticized virtually every aspect of our traditional way of life, recommending reforms or social reorganization on a sweeping scale, the primary engine of which was to be a new, positive role for the state.
http://nrd.nationalreview.com/article/?q=OTY0MjA1YzVjNjVkOTViMzM5M2Q5M2Y0ODk0ODc0MmM=
In my experience, most leftists trace their ideology back to Rousseau, but both Hegel and Rousseau were statists for sure as opposed to the Anglo-American tradition of classical liberalism, i.e., the natural law of inalienable rights. Hegel was a fascist in contemporary terms, Rousseau, an authoritarian collectivist.
Rousseaus particular form of authoritarianism goes back to Platonic political theory, and together, these are the precursors of Marxism.
Wilson, a vicious, moralizing little prick of a man, one of the most destructive presidents in the history of the Republic, admired Hegelian fascism. But of course all statists are vicious, moralizing little pricks.
More information. . . .
Prufrock's Lair: The "New Math" of American History and the Unobscured Truth
Excellent job in your blog!
You write:
"In truth, human nature is utterly corrupt, an aggrieved and restive beast below the surface that when unencumbered by the restraints of civilization becomes a pitchfork-wielding Neanderthal."
That alone represents a major...perhaps THE major difference between Liberal and conservative views of folks.
For the Left, from the French Revolution's acceptance of a 'general will' which all good people will acknowledge, we see the Founders saying nay, nay....human nature must be kept in check: Federalist #51..." If men were angels, no government would be necessary...."
Yep. It's the most decisive difference, and the surest check against human nature is liberty, which for the leftist is counterintuitive. In other words, government's utility ends when it grows beyond the boundaries of restraining human nature, in terms of promoting and protecting natural human rights, and inevitably ameliorates the consequences and, therefore, rewards and encourages, the foibles of human nature. The essence of bloated government is legalized corruption and tyranny masquerading as security.