saveliberty
Diamond Member
- Oct 12, 2009
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Jobless recovery = When a bus driver successfully completes rehab.
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You've made half a dozen assumptions in this post, all of them unfounded. Nothing more need be said.
Executive Summary
The research summarized in this article shows that schooling is necessary for industrial
development. The form of schooling that emerged in the 19th century generates specific
cognitive, behavioral and social knowledge that are critical ingredients for the way industrial societies organize:
• production and consumption
• daily life in cities and nations
• the size and fitness of the population for work
• the creation and use of knowledge.
Therefore, it is documented that:
• Schooling is a necessary but not sufficient condition for the spectacular feats of industrial development in the 20th century.
• The intricacy of the relationship between schooling and the industrial form of economic growth is confirmed by the technical economics literature.
• Economists have demonstrated that both individuals and societies gain from the investments made in schooling. ...
there is strong evidence from the recent past that economic growth has been accompanied by growth in both spending and participation in schooling. Economists, as reported in a brief overview in the next section, have examined this association quite carefully and come to the conclusion that, through a variety of different avenues and in a number of different ways, investment
in school systems does have a strong economic pay-off. This is an important conclusion that is highly relevant to individual, corporate and government decisions regarding investment. For all spheres of decision making there is good evidence that the rate of return is high, even relative to other investment opportunities. ...
Much of this literature is highly technical in the sense that it uses formal econometric models to test hypotheses using empirical data. Some highlights of this impressive work will be sketched below, but the
bottom line is that the economic evidence supports the view that both public and private returns to investment in education are positive—
at both the individual and economy-wide levels. The vast technical literature on this subject can be subdivided into two general areas:
a. The micro-economic literature looks at the relationship between different ways of measuring a person’s educational achievement and what they earn. Most studies show consistent results for what can be called the private or personal pay-off from education. For individuals this means that for every additional year of schooling they increase their earnings by about 10%. This is a very impressive rate of return.
b. The macro-economic literature examines the relationship between different measures of the aggregate level of educational attainment for a country as a whole and, in most cases, the standard measure of economic growth in terms of GDP. Once again, most studies find evidence of higher GDP growth in countries where the population
has, on average, completed more years of schooling or attains higher scores on tests of cognitive achievement. However, as will be explained in somewhat greater detail below, given the diversity of national experiences, particularly over time, it is hard to settle on one figure for the rate of return at a social level. ...
Studies that compare different countries over a period of time, such as the study by Barro (2002), that looks at 100 countries from 1960 to 1995, show results as in Figure 8. What this figure shows is that “years of school attainment at the secondary and higher levels for males age 25 and over has a positive and significant effect on the subsequent rate of economic growth” (Barro, 2002). This can be interpreted to mean that if the average number of years of upper level schooling for this particular group increases by one year then the rate of economic growth increases by 0.44 percent per year. These are powerful results since an increase in economic growth of almost half a percent will have a large impact on the total GDP of a country over time. This is one of the reasons that education has been treated as such a positive investment
for governments.
We were discussing the GOVERNMENT forecasts so therefore I assumed that we would limit our comments on government forecasting. Sorry for any confusion.
That being said, I think Friedman would be have been totally opposed to the stimulus. The United States Congress, and the Executive that signed off on it, promised that certain things would happen. Those things didn't happen. That is a failure. STIMULUS =FAIL. Friedman was a realist too.....![]()
Was he the same one who said BEFORE THE MONEY WAS SPENT that without the Stimulus, the unemployment would be above 8%?
Forecasting is a mug's game. I don't know anyone who does it well. I don't know why the government would be any better.
The question is what would the unemployment rate have been had the stimulus not occurred?
You've made half a dozen assumptions in this post, all of them unfounded. Nothing more need be said.
And said nothing is exactly what you have done.
The empirical evidence concludes that government spending on education has been beneficial to the economy.
Executive Summary
The research summarized in this article shows that schooling is necessary for industrial
development. The form of schooling that emerged in the 19th century generates specific
cognitive, behavioral and social knowledge that are critical ingredients for the way industrial societies organize:
production and consumption
daily life in cities and nations
the size and fitness of the population for work
the creation and use of knowledge.
Therefore, it is documented that:
Schooling is a necessary but not sufficient condition for the spectacular feats of industrial development in the 20th century.
The intricacy of the relationship between schooling and the industrial form of economic growth is confirmed by the technical economics literature.
Economists have demonstrated that both individuals and societies gain from the investments made in schooling. ...
there is strong evidence from the recent past that economic growth has been accompanied by growth in both spending and participation in schooling. Economists, as reported in a brief overview in the next section, have examined this association quite carefully and come to the conclusion that, through a variety of different avenues and in a number of different ways, investment
in school systems does have a strong economic pay-off. This is an important conclusion that is highly relevant to individual, corporate and government decisions regarding investment. For all spheres of decision making there is good evidence that the rate of return is high, even relative to other investment opportunities. ...
Much of this literature is highly technical in the sense that it uses formal econometric models to test hypotheses using empirical data. Some highlights of this impressive work will be sketched below, but the
bottom line is that the economic evidence supports the view that both public and private returns to investment in education are positive
at both the individual and economy-wide levels. The vast technical literature on this subject can be subdivided into two general areas:
a. The micro-economic literature looks at the relationship between different ways of measuring a persons educational achievement and what they earn. Most studies show consistent results for what can be called the private or personal pay-off from education. For individuals this means that for every additional year of schooling they increase their earnings by about 10%. This is a very impressive rate of return.
b. The macro-economic literature examines the relationship between different measures of the aggregate level of educational attainment for a country as a whole and, in most cases, the standard measure of economic growth in terms of GDP. Once again, most studies find evidence of higher GDP growth in countries where the population
has, on average, completed more years of schooling or attains higher scores on tests of cognitive achievement. However, as will be explained in somewhat greater detail below, given the diversity of national experiences, particularly over time, it is hard to settle on one figure for the rate of return at a social level. ...
Studies that compare different countries over a period of time, such as the study by Barro (2002), that looks at 100 countries from 1960 to 1995, show results as in Figure 8. What this figure shows is that years of school attainment at the secondary and higher levels for males age 25 and over has a positive and significant effect on the subsequent rate of economic growth (Barro, 2002). This can be interpreted to mean that if the average number of years of upper level schooling for this particular group increases by one year then the rate of economic growth increases by 0.44 percent per year. These are powerful results since an increase in economic growth of almost half a percent will have a large impact on the total GDP of a country over time. This is one of the reasons that education has been treated as such a positive investment
for governments.
http://www.cisco.com/web/strategy/docs/education/Education-and-Economic-Growth.pdf
Was he the same one who said BEFORE THE MONEY WAS SPENT that without the Stimulus, the unemployment would be above 8%?
Forecasting is a mug's game. I don't know anyone who does it well. I don't know why the government would be any better.
The question is what would the unemployment rate have been had the stimulus not occurred?
Indeed. I'd also add they were working based on preliminary numbers which showed GDP declining by two percent in Q4 2008, instead of the six percent it actually did.
Forecasting is a mug's game. I don't know anyone who does it well. I don't know why the government would be any better.
The question is what would the unemployment rate have been had the stimulus not occurred?
Indeed. I'd also add they were working based on preliminary numbers which showed GDP declining by two percent in Q4 2008, instead of the six percent it actually did.
Which raises the question of how can we possibly trust a government that misreads the evidence by a factor of 3.
Of course this is the same government that is promising that the new health care bill will reduce deficits. No one believes that.
Indeed. I'd also add they were working based on preliminary numbers which showed GDP declining by two percent in Q4 2008, instead of the six percent it actually did.
Which raises the question of how can we possibly trust a government that misreads the evidence by a factor of 3.
That's a question to ask your boys, since they were the ones running Commerce at that point.
Of course this is the same government that is promising that the new health care bill will reduce deficits. No one believes that.
Good thing reality isn't based your beliefs then. More touchy-feely rhetoric without any substance.
Which raises the question of how can we possibly trust a government that misreads the evidence by a factor of 3.
That's a question to ask your boys, since they were the ones running Commerce at that point.
Of course this is the same government that is promising that the new health care bill will reduce deficits. No one believes that.
Good thing reality isn't based your beliefs then. More touchy-feely rhetoric without any substance.
Not "my boys". They are Obama's boys since he relied on their information.
It is hardly touchy feely rhetoric, as much as you want to believe that. In fact, by changing one or two of the assumptions they were handed the deficit swells by hundreds of billions a year.
Sucks to have your mindset, I guess.
That's a question to ask your boys, since they were the ones running Commerce at that point.
Good thing reality isn't based your beliefs then. More touchy-feely rhetoric without any substance.
Not "my boys". They are Obama's boys since he relied on their information.
It is hardly touchy feely rhetoric, as much as you want to believe that. In fact, by changing one or two of the assumptions they were handed the deficit swells by hundreds of billions a year.
Sucks to have your mindset, I guess.
Obama appointees filled the Commerce Department during the Bush administration? That's news.
So you're really going to stick to this claim that Bush appointees were Obama's people?
So you're really going to stick to this claim that Bush appointees were Obama's people?
So you're really going to stick to this claim that Bush appointees were Obama's people?
Some of them are usually kindred souls. Whatever it takes to keep a job.
There you go again with your attempts at your lies and deception for Obama's Corrupt Administration's sake. Obama started the heavy deception in September when he moved the dishonest "Adjusted Numbers" up near 600,000 so he could then show that UI claims were going down from that point. Lie after Lie after Lie after Lie after Lie from the horribly Corrupt Obama Crowd. That is our present reality. Once he is removed from office, this shit will stop and we will try and convict all the people who took part in this deceptiion. They should all be executed by firing squad.So you're really going to stick to this claim that Bush appointees were Obama's people?
Some of them are usually kindred souls. Whatever it takes to keep a job.
Excellent...you hava a chart of adjusted vs unadjusted UI claims. I don't know how to do that. Please post one covering the entire recession.
Thanks.
We were discussing the GOVERNMENT forecasts so therefore I assumed that we would limit our comments on government forecasting. Sorry for any confusion.
That being said, I think Friedman would be have been totally opposed to the stimulus. The United States Congress, and the Executive that signed off on it, promised that certain things would happen. Those things didn't happen. That is a failure. STIMULUS =FAIL. Friedman was a realist too.....![]()
I'm sure he would have been. I am even more sure that he would have done an empirical study to prove so.
And the empirical studies may eventually conclude that he would have been correct.
The result of their action was that they missed the prediction by a factor of 300%.
We are faced with two choices:
1. The planners of the stimulus are incompetent idiots who both misunderstood the situation and the economy and what might affect it and cannot reasonably be expected to make a prediction and then actually hit it because they are just too stupid.
2. The planners of the stimulus are brilliant decievers who never intended for this to be a stimulus and all the while were intending this as a grand scale exercise in theft.
Incompetent idiots or brilliant, swindling thieves. Which group are you supporting if you support these guys?
There you go again with your attempts at your lies and deception for Obama's Corrupt Administration's sake. Obama started the heavy deception in September when he moved the dishonest "Adjusted Numbers" up near 600,000 so he could then show that UI claims were going down from that point. Lie after Lie after Lie after Lie after Lie from the horribly Corrupt Obama Crowd. That is our present reality. Once he is removed from office, this shit will stop and we will try and convict all the people who took part in this deceptiion. They should all be executed by firing squad.Some of them are usually kindred souls. Whatever it takes to keep a job.
Excellent...you hava a chart of adjusted vs unadjusted UI claims. I don't know how to do that. Please post one covering the entire recession.
Thanks.