Mr. President
BOARD PRESIDENT..carry on
- Aug 22, 2008
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I'll tell you how, but first I want to mention that the party behind freeing the slaves was the Republicans not the Democrats.
Yes this was my point.
There were many interests behind emancipation. The whole North-South conflict was partly one of competing economic elites, the new industrial/commercial/capitalist elite mostly in the North versus the older planter/slaveowner/quasi-feudal elite almost all in the South. The conflict manifested over tariffs, over government subsidy of industrial development and infrastructure, but most sharply over slavery. The capitalist elite wanted to add slaves to the labor pool so as to increase the labor supply and keep wages low, and this required freeing the slaves from bondage.
Correct, this only proves my point that the freeing of slaves was intended to cause economic turmoil in the South. It does not disprove anything I said only adds to it.
At the same time, emancipation as a moral movement should not be discounted. The condemnation of slavery as inhumane and unjustifiable was sincere on the part of many activists, including both sympathetic or religiously-motivated whites such as William Lloyd Garrison and former slaves such as Frederick Douglas.
Yes but the sincerity of activists could not fund and promote an all out war. So while the intentions of some were true to the cause the intent of the powers that be was not that of equality. If that were the case then they wouldn't have wanted the slaves freed in order to provide a workforce that would accept the current wages.
As for Lincoln's own motivation in signing the Emancipation Proclamation, as I see it he was dealing with several realities touching on slavery.
1) Britain and France were considering entering the war on the side of the Confederacy and forcing a negotiated peace. By changing the war from one over union only to one over slavery, Lincoln made certain that doing this would put Britain and France on the side of slavery, where they certainly did not want to be, and forestalled that diplomatic disaster.
A mere advantage seeing as how both France and England needed the grain provided by the North. Who were producing it at a remarkable rate due to advancements in technology. The British people ie. the working class actually supported the North. While that itself may not have kept Britain from war the two Russian fleets that spent the winter in American Harbors also stiffled any talk of active engagement by British or French Military.
2) Neither Lincoln as president, nor Congress, had the constitutional authority to end slavery in any territory not in rebellion. Lincoln could not free the slaves in Maryland, for example. To finally bring slavery to an end required a constitutional amendment. Lincoln did have the authority however to free the slaves in rebellious territories as an emergency measure, part of putting down the rebellion. Hence the limitations on the Proclamation.
Quite correct and from this one would note that the slavery was legal in the union longer than it was legal in the confederacy. Thus proving again the war was not over the freeing of slaves but that freedom was a gift from the war machine.
3) The Proclamation did not meet a Union need for manpower as you suggested; the Union compared to the Confederacy already had abundant manpower, and anyway slaves were already fleeing to the Union lines and volunteering for service in the U.S. Army. The Proclamation did little to accelerate that, until so much territory had been reconquered that the was was effectively over anyway.
It did meet a Union need for manpower. The numbers of confederates did not include those slaves which were digging ditches and subsequently running the farms while their masters were at war. In the North the men who left their businesses were not supplemented by a supply of slavery as abundantly as in the South. Hence the need for manpower was to ensure war fighters existed and warring northerners could tend to the economic business at hand.
4) While Lincoln's commitment to racial equality was poor to nonexistent, his opposition to slavery was genuine, as we can tell from everything he said on the subject both before and after becoming president. There is no example that I can find of any speech or statement by Lincoln supporting slavery.
I am not saying Lincoln was pro slavery. But the anti slavery sentiment among the party was enhanced by its benefits to the war effort not by their feelings that slaves were equals too.