Lakhota
Diamond Member
John Punch was an African indentured servant who lived in seventeenth century, colonial York County, Virginia. In 1640, he was bound as a servant for life as punishment for having tried to escape from his indenture. Some genealogists and historians describe Punch as "the first African documented to be enslaved for life in what would eventually become the United States."[1]
In July 2012, Ancestry.com published a paper documenting the combination of historic research and Y-DNA analysis that supports the conclusion that Punch was an eleventh-generation maternal grandfather of President Barack Obama, the first African-American president of the United States.[2][3][4] Punch was an ancestor through the Bunch family, free people of color in colonial Virginia, who were ancestors of Obama's mother, Stanley Ann Dunham.[2] Her ancestors were primarily of European-American ethnicity. Her line of Bunch ancestors had largely intermarried with whites, and probably appeared white by 1720. Children born to white women were free because of the status of the mother.[1] DNA testing of the male Bunch descendants has revealed that John Punch was probably from present-day Cameroon, in West Africa.[1]
Punch is also believed to be one of the ancestors of the American diplomat, Ralph Bunche, the first African American to win the Nobel Peace Prize.[5]
In 1640, Punch was an indentured servant of the Virginia planter Hugh Gwyn. He escaped to Maryland with two other indentured servants, a Dutchman and a Scot.[1] All three men were caught and sentenced to whippings. In addition, the European men were sentenced to have their terms of indenture extended by four years each, but Punch was sentenced to a life of servitude.[1] Historians consider this difference in penalties to mark this case as one of the first to make a racial distinction between black and white indentured servants.[6]
It is documented that John Casor was the first legally sanctioned slave in Virginia, through a court case of 1654.[7][8] While some genealogists and historians describe Punch as the first slave, he was technically still an indentured servant, as he was sentenced to serve the remainder of his life in servitude as punishment for escaping.[6] Casor, by contrast, was found to have been a slave since his arrival in Virginia.
John Punch - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
John Casor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia