I am certainly no authority on the subject, but my understanding is that the Jizrah was a tax imposed by ancient Muslim heirarchy on non-Muslim permanent residents excluded from mandatory military service. It was a fee for protection by the state. To the best of my knowledge the custom no longer applies in modern Islamic states who have established different rules for residency and citizenship and who now have standing armies.Name any other religion that taxes or penalizes any non-adherents. Jews? No, Christians? Nope. Guess who!
While not dismissing the downside of those militant Islamic states exporting terrorism and imposing cultural requirements that we think backward, I think the Jizrah is just one of those cultural components that is interesting in past history.