Dragon
Senior Member
- Sep 16, 2011
- 5,481
- 588
Wrong.. But take this opportunity to prove your opinion, if not that's all it is, not based on fact.
Which opinion, that Republicans haven't always been conservative, or that all of your examples of Republican support for civil rights came before the 1960s? For the second, it's on record on this thread. For the first, I give you:
Abraham Lincoln, champion of big government and opponent of states' rights
Theodore Roosevelt, champion of workers' rights, advocate of socialized medicine, and opponent of big business
That's just the two most striking examples. Oh, and let's not forget the so-called "Radical Republicans" of Reconstruction, who wanted to institute full racial equality by force of law in the 1870s. Or the fact that the first anti-trust laws and the first protections for the rights of working people were put in place under Republican administrations by Republican Congresses.
If you consider yourself a Republican, you might want to explore the history of your party, but prepare yourself for a shock. From its founding in the 1850s until at least the 1920s, the GOP was clearly America's liberal/progressive party, not its conservative party, while the Democrats, who were you may recall the party behind secession and the attempt to preserve slavery, were the conservatives.
The process by which this changed was long and complicated. (And so this will be a long post, but you did ask for facts.) It started in 1912. Prior to that year, a wave of public demand for reform was answered by Republicans (as was proper for the liberal/progressive party) under Theodore Roosevelt and W.H. Taft. But in 1912, TR decided to run for the presidency again after having been out of office for a term. He won most of the GOP primaries, but the Republican machine managed to steer the nomination to Taft anyway. Roosevelt stomped out of the convention, formed a third party and ran on that ticket, so there was a three-way race. Taking advantage of this opportunity, Democrat Woodrow Wilson adopted his own progressive agenda (because that was the tenor of the times) and won the election. So for the first time since Andrew Jackson, a Democrat in the White House governed as a liberal/progressive. This re-introduced the idea that Democrats could be liberals, which in the distant past they had been (the Democratic Party being older than the GOP).
The second part of the transformation came in the 1920s and 1930s. The public mood swung back to the right in the '20s, and a laissez-faire Republican was elected and, when he died in office, was followed by another pro-business Republican (Harding and Coolidge). He was followed in turn by a progressive Republican (Hoover). But this progressive-conservative back-and-forth was only in regard to business and workers' rights; on race and civil rights the GOP remained the progressive party and the Democrats the conservative one all through this period.
Hoover intended to move the GOP back towards the progressive side of the equation, but the Great Depression upset his plans and created an opportunity for TR's cousin running as a Democrat. Franklin Roosevelt's four-term electoral success cemented in place the association of the Democrats with progressivism on economic issues, but even so the GOP remained the progressive party on racial issues because the Dems had to deal with the influence of their own Southern pols where the Democrats commanded a huge majority.
The next part of the switch occurred in the 1960s. At that time, responding to civil rights agitation, LBJ and the non-Southern Democrats, together with many Republicans in Congress, passed the Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act. In fact, go here: Civil Rights Act of 1964 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia and you can see that in both houses of Congress, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 received the votes of more than 80% of Republicans, while receiving the votes of only 60+% of the Democrats. So at this point, on civil rights, the Republicans were still very much the liberal party, as they always had been since Lincoln's time.
When he signed the Civil Rights Act, Lyndon Johnson is said to have said, "I just gave the South to the Republicans for a generation." It was at this point that the final transformation of the GOP from a liberal to a conservative party began. Southern whites became disenchanted with the Democrats and an opportunity existed for Republicans to court them, which they began to do. In order to do this, the GOP had to soften its traditional sharply liberal stance on civil rights, which it did. Since that time, or at any rate since the end of the Nixon administration (the transformation was ongoing then), it has been the Democrats rather than the Republicans who were the champions of civil rights -- quite a role reversal considering the parties' histories.
There have been several further steps in the transformation, including the Reagan years, the rise of the religious right, and the Tea Party, but those were the principle stages.
So your suggestion that the Republicans have "always been about liberty" is, well, empty rhetoric devoid of fact -- precisely what you are accusing me of using. The GOP does not today stand for the same things it did originally. It is a radically changed party. And as I said, "conservative" and "Republican" do not mean the same thing, and were at one time even opposites.